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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.45.2023.tde-26032024-152847
Document
Author
Full name
Adriana Vietmeier Nicoli
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Brito, Fabiano Gustavo Braga (President)
Cavenaghi, Leonardo Francisco
Gozzi, Francisco Jose
Longa, Eduardo Rosinato
Nunes, Giovanni da Silva
Title in Portuguese
Volume e energia de campos vetoriais unitários: sobre as topologias da imersão e do campo
Keywords in Portuguese
Aplicação de Gauss
Campos unitários
Energia de campos
Índice de Poincaré
Volume de campos
Abstract in Portuguese
Este texto baseia-se em dois artigos, \cite e \cite, que se aprofundam no volume e energia de campos vetoriais unitários. O primeiro artigo estabelece um limite inferior não trivial para a energia de campos vetoriais unitários, tangentes a uma hipersuperfície Euclidiana, dependendo do grau da aplicação de Gauss. Ainda, quando a hipersuperfície é a esfera unitária $\mathbb^{2n+1}$, imersa e de grau um, esse limite inferior se iguala a um valor bem estabelecido na literatura existente. Além disso, introduzimos um conjunto de funcionais $\mathcal_k$ definidos em uma variedade Riemanniana compacta $M^$, onde $1\leq k\leq m$. Demonstrando um comportamento análogo ao resultado anterior, quando a variedade subjacente é uma hipersuperfície fechada, estes funcionais apresentam propriedades semelhantes quanto ao grau de imersão. Por fim, estabelecemos que os fluxos Hopf minimizam o funcional $\mathcal_n$ na esfera unitária $\mathbb^{2n+1}$. No segundo artigo, contribuímos com uma nova perspectiva ao fornecer um limitante inferior para o volume de um campo vetorial unitário tangente a uma esfera Euclidiana perfurada antipodalmente $\mathbb^$. Este valor inferior está intrinsecamente ligado ao comprimento de uma elipse, determinado pelos índices de Poincaré das singularidades do campo. Também exibimos campos vetoriais $\vec_k$ dentro de cada classe de índice e mostramos que eles são os únicos minimizantes para o volume. Esses campos possuem áreas dadas essencialmente pelo comprimento das elipses dependendo apenas dos índices nos pontos antipodais, $N$ e $S$.
Title in English
Volume and energy of unit vector fields: immersion's and field's topologies
Keywords in English
Energy functional
Gauss map
Poincaré index
Unit vector field
Volume functional
Abstract in English
This text is built upon two papers, namely \cite and \cite, which delve into the realms of unit vector fields, focusing on their volume and energy. The first paper establishes a nontrivial lower bound for the energy of unit vector fields, contingent upon the degree of the Gauss map. In addition, when the hypersurface is the unit sphere $\mathbb^{2n+1}$, immersed with a degree one, this lower bound aligns with a well-established value found in the existing literature. Furthermore, we introduce a set of functionals $\mathcal_k$ defined on a compact Riemannian manifold $M^$, where $1\leq k\leq m$. Demonstrating an analogous behavior to the previous result, when the underlying manifold is a closed hypersurface, these functionals exhibit similar properties concerning the degree of the immersion. Additionally, we establish that Hopf flows minimize the functional $\mathcal_n$ on the unit sphere $\mathbb^{2n+1}$. In the second paper, we contribute a novel perspective by furnishing a lower value for the volume of a unit vector field tangential to an antipodally punctured Euclidean sphere $\mathbb^$. This lower value is intricately linked to the length of an ellipse, determined by the Poincaré indexes of its singularities. Also, we define vector fields $\vec_k$ within each index class that minimize the volume, showcasing their uniqueness in achieving optimality. These fields, sharp for the volume, possess areas essentially dictated by the length of ellipses, contingent solely upon the indexes at the antipodal points $N$ and $S$.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-04-12
 
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