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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.97.2023.tde-12012024-125932
Document
Author
Full name
Bruno Abreu Bon
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Lorena, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Chaia, Nabil (President)
Nunes, Carlos Angelo
Ramos, Alfeu Saraiva
Rodrigues, Geovani
Title in Portuguese
Elaboração e caracterização de revestimento protetores depositados por pack cementation em ligas de alumineto de titânio
Keywords in Portuguese
Cinética de crescimento
Ligas de titânio
Oxidação em alta temperatura
Pack Cementation
Abstract in Portuguese
As ligas γ-TiAl têm sido estudadas como materiais promissores em motores e turbocompressores nas indústrias aeroespaciais, principalmente em substituição às ligas e superligas à base de níquel. Alta resistência mecânica e baixa densidade são algumas das suas boas propriedades. Porém, a baixa resistência à oxidação limita as suas aplicações em temperatura superiores a 750 °C. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho visou a reprodução da liga comercial TNM® -B1 como substrato a ser revestido pelo processo Pack Cementation, a fim de melhorar sua resistência à oxidação. Os substratos γ-TiAl foram revestidos com ligas doadoras Al-Hf, Al-Y2O3, Si-B e Si-Ge, preparadas a partir da mistura das suas substâncias puras ou cominuídas após processo de fusão. As amostras foram caracterizadas com auxílio das técnicas de difração de raios X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura acoplado à espectroscopia por energia dispersiva. O substrato sem revestimento no seu estado bruto de fusão e o tratado termicamente (1200 °C/2 h) apresentaram composição atômica muito próxima da liga comercial. Revestimentos obtidos a partir de cementos contendo ligas doadoras Al-Hf ou Al-Y, apresentaram fases TiAl3 e TiAl2, com uma boa adesão entre revestimento/substrato, espessuras uniformes e livres de defeitos. Revestimentos com ligas doadoras à base de Si-B tiveram seu crescimento limitado pela formação da fase TiB2. Os revestimentos com Si-Ge, resultaram em um revestimento de baixa qualidade metalúrgica, observando-se porosidades e trincas. Os comportamentos cinéticos dos revestimentos seguiram uma tendência de crescimento da espessura conforme tempos crescentes. Foram determinadas constantes do tipo parabólicas (kp) para todos os revestimentos que utilizaram ligas doadoras preparadas a partir da mistura dos seus elementos puros em pós. Para os revestimentos com liga doadora Al-Hf preparada por processo de fusão e posterior cominuição, o seu kp não foi calculado devido a ordem cinética resultante ter sido do tipo cúbica.
Title in English
Elaboration and characterization of protective coatings deposited by pack cementation in titanium aluminide alloys
Keywords in English
Growth kinetics
High temperature oxidation
Pack Cementation
Titanium alloys
Abstract in English
γ-TiAl alloys have been studied as promising materials in engines and turbochargers in the aerospace industries, mainly as a replacement for nickel-based alloys and superalloys. High mechanical strength and low density are some of its good properties. However, the low resistance to oxidation limits its applications at temperatures above 750 °C. In this sense, the present work aimed to reproduce the commercial alloy TNM ® -B1 as a substrate to be coated by the Pack Cementation process, in order to improve its resistance to oxidation. The γ-TiAl substrates were coated with donor alloys Al-Hf, Al-Y2O3, Si-B and Si-Ge, prepared from a mixture of their pure substances or comminuted after a melting process. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive spectroscopy. The uncoated substrate in its raw molten state and the heat-treated substrate (1200 °C/2 h) presented an atomic composition very close to the commercial alloy. Coatings obtained from cements containing Al-Hf or Al-Y donor alloys, presented TiAl3 and TiAl2 phases, with good adhesion between coating/substrate, uniform thicknesses and free from defects. Coatings with Si-Bbased donor alloys had their growth limited by the formation of the TiB2 phase. Coatings with Si-Ge resulted in a coating of low metallurgical quality, with porosities and cracks being observed. The kinetic behaviors of the coatings followed a trend of increasing thickness with increasing times. Parabolic constants (kp) were determined for all coatings that used donor alloys prepared from a mixture of their pure elements in powder form. For coatings with an Al-Hf donor alloy prepared by a melting process and subsequent comminution, its kp was not calculated because the resulting kinetic order was of the cubic type.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-01-12
 
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