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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2023.tde-24082023-080349
Document
Author
Full name
Ariana Oliveira Matos de Araujo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Lima, Nelson Batista de (President)
Vatavuk, Jan
Wiebeck, Hélio
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização de placas de materiais compósitos de polietileno reforçado com fibras de coco de babaçu, casca de castanha e piaçava
Keywords in Portuguese
comparação de resistência
compósito PBAT/PLA
DRX
DSC
ensaio mecânico
fibras vegetais
Abstract in Portuguese
Atualmente, é de grande relevância a preocupação ambiental associada com o reaproveitamento de resíduos agroindustriais, este tema tem aumentado o interesse por compósitos poliméricos mais ecologicamente corretos, para tanto a união de pesquisadores com estas questões ambientais tem gerado um novo compo de pesquisa. Este trabalho visa a obtenção de placas de fibras vegetais, proveniente da incorporação do polímero PBAT/PLA (ECOVIO®) com as fibras de coco de babaçu, fibras de casca de castanha e fibras de piaçava, onde 75% dessas fibras são provenientes de resíduos. As fibras do coco de babaçu, fibras de casca de castanha e fibras de piaçava foram caracterizadas, reduzidos a pó fino e submetidas aos ensaios: mecânico, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) e DRX. A preparação da blenda polimérica Ecovio foi realizada por meio da técnica de mistura mecânica no estado fundido, utilizando uma extrusora dupla-rosca com matriz plana acoplada e máquina de moldagem por injeção, para a obtenção das placas para confecção dos corpos de prova. As amostras de compositos foram avaliadas por ensaio mecânico, DRX (Difração de Raios X) e DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) e as propriedades foram discutidas. O compósito PBAT/PLA/ (Poli butileno adipato co-tereftalato / poli ácido lático) reforçados com fibra de Piaçava apresentou propriedades mecânicas superiores as demais fibras. O ensaio de difração de raios x (DRX) mostrou picos característicos de fibra de origem vegetal, ou seja, as curvas de raio x apresentaram os picos característicos dos materiais, não demonstrando alteração dos mesmos no momento de processamento. No ensaio de resistência à tração a fibra que apresentou um melhor resultado a resistência foi a piaçava. A partir dos exemplos expostos acerca do uso da piaçava na composição de materiais, verifica-se sua potencialidade de aplicação na construção civil e mobiliários, contribuindo diante de um cenário mais sustentável.
Title in English
Comparison of the mechanical strength between the plates of composite materials of polyethylene reinforced with babassu coconut fibers, chestnut shell and piassava
Keywords in English
DSC
mechanical test
PBAT/PLA composite
strength comparison
vegetable fibers
XRD
Abstract in English
Currently, the environmental concern associated with the reuse of agro-industrial residues is of great relevance, this theme has increased the interest in more ecologically correct polymeric composites, therefore, the union of researchers with these environmental issues has generated a new research group. This work aims to obtain vegetable fiber boards, resulting from the incorporation of the polymer PBAT/PLA (ECOVIO) with babassu coconut fibers, chestnut bark fibers and piassava fibers, where 75% of these fibers come from recycling. The babassu coconut fibers, chestnut husk fibers and piassava fibers were characterized, reduced to a fine powder and subjected to mechanical, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and DRX tests. The preparation of the Ecovio polymeric blend was carried out using the technique of mechanical mixing in the molten state, using a twin-screw extruder with a coupled flat die and an injection molding machine, to obtain the plates for making the test specimens. The composite samples were evaluated by mechanical assay, DRX (X-Ray Diffraction) and DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and the properties were discussed. The composite PBAT/PLA/ (Poly butylene adipate co - terephthalate / poly lactic acid) reinforced with Piaçava fiber showed mechanical properties superior to the other fibers. The X-ray diffraction test (XRD) showed characteristic peaks of fiber of vegetal origin, that is, the diffractograms presented the characteristic peaks of the materials, not demonstrating alteration of the same ones at the moment of processing. In the tensile strength test, the fiber that showed the best resistance was piaçava. From the examples shown about the use of piassava in the composition of materials, its potential for application in civil construction and furniture is verified, contributing to a more sustainable scenario.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-08-25
 
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