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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.46.2023.tde-07112023-153720
Document
Author
Full name
Roberto Vagner Luiz
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Quina, Frank Herbert (President)
Guardani, Roberto
Yee, Márcio
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da distribuição do polietileno tereftalato micronizado em espumas flexíveis de poliuretano
Keywords in Portuguese
ABNT
Espumas flexíveis
Fluorescência
PET
Poliuretanos
Propriedades físicas
Abstract in Portuguese
A produção de espumas flexíveis de poliuretano usa 97% de produtos commodities e 3% de especialidades químicas. Como consequência, os commodities representam mais de 90% do custo das matérias primas. Historicamente a indústria sempre buscou alternativas para substituí- los, ao menos de forma parcial. Durante décadas foram utilizadas cargas minerais diversas em substituição aos commodities, mas estas foram abolidas em 2011 pela normatização dos colchões pela ABNT e INMETRO, que estipulou um teor de cinzas máximo de 1%. O uso de Polietileno Tereftalato (PET) reciclado micronizado como uma carga orgânica alternativa é tecnicamente viável até pelo menos 21,9% PET, o que representaria uma redução de custo de 5 a 10% por bloco de espuma produzido, além do apelo ecológico de oferecer um destino mais nobre para um material reciclado. A marcação fluorescente do PET micronizado permite visualizar a distribuição tridimensional do PET nas espumas de poliuretano e relacioná-la à manutenção das propriedades físicas normatizadas quando do emprego de surfactante especial adequado.
Title in English
Study of the distribution of micronized polyethylene terephthalate in flexible polyurethane foams
Keywords in English
ABNT
Flexible foams
Fluorescence
PET
Physical properties
Polyurethanes
Abstract in English
The production of flexible polyurethane foams uses 97% commodity products and 3% specialty chemicals. Therefore, commodities represent more than 90% of the raw material costs. Historically, the industry has always procured alternatives to replace them, at least partially. Therefore, for decades, different mineral fillers were used to replace commodities, but these were prohibited by the 2011 ABNT standardization of mattresses that stipulated an ash content of maximum 1%. The use of micronized recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as an organic filler is technically feasible up to at least 21.9%, representing a cost reduction of 5 to 10% per foam block produced, in addition to the ecological appeal of offering a more noble destination for recycled material. The fluorescent marking of micronized PET permits the visualization of the three-dimensional distribution of PET in Polyurethane Foams and relate it to the maintenance of the standard physical properties when an adequate surfactant is employed.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-12-21
 
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