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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.43.2024.tde-28022024-082900
Document
Author
Full name
Pedro Ribeiro de Almeida
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2024
Supervisor
Committee
Goldman, Carla (President)
Amaku, Marcos
Kraenkel, Roberto Andre
Title in Portuguese
Uma estratégia de vacinação Envy-free
Keywords in Portuguese
alocação de vacinas balanceada
cake-cutting
Covid-19
divisão envy-free
Lema de Sperner
tomada de decisão
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o sem precedente desenvolvimento de vacinas em meio a uma pandemia, como foi o caso da Covid-19, nos deparamos com a necessidade de vacinar a população com urgência e disponibilidade limitada de doses, buscando um balanço entre os benefícios associados a protocolos de vacinação que satisfaça um dilema ético (J. W. Wu, S. D. John, E. Y. Adashi, Allocating Vaccines in the Pandemic: The Ethical Dimension, The Am. J. of Medicine V.33(11): 1241 - 1242 (2020)). Diante disto, este trabalho apresenta uma estratégia de vacinação a partir do conceito de divisão Envy-free. Com isto, nós buscamos alocar as doses vacinas, disponíveis em lotes insuficientes para vacinar a população inteira, encontrando um balanço entre os benefícios direto e indireto da vacinação para diferentes grupos etários. A estratégia proposta neste trabalho adapta um algoritmo construtivo baseado no Lema de Sperner para aproximar um ponto de divisão Envy-free que garante a otimização acoplada entre os dois benefícios. Uma simulação numérica comparativa a partir da distribuição etária de 236 países sugere que a estratégia Envy-free é bem sucedida, criando o balanço desejado ao longo de todo o período de vacinação.
Title in English
An Envy-free vaccination strategy
Keywords in English
balanced vaccines allocation
cake-cutting
Covid-19
decision making
envy-free division
Sperner\'s Lemma
Abstract in English
With the unprecedented development of vaccines amid a pandemic, as was the case with Covid-19, we faced the need to vaccinate large populations with urgency with limited vaccine availability, seeking a balance between benefits associated with vaccination protocols that address an ethical dilemma (J. W. Wu, S. D. John, E. Y. Adashi, Allocating Vaccines in the Pandemic: The Ethical Dimension, The Am. J. of Medicine V.33(11): 1241 - 1242 (2020)). This work presents a vaccination strategy based on the concept of Envy-free division. With this, our goal is to allocate vaccine doses, which are available in batches containing an insufficient number of doses to vaccinate the entire population, finding a balance between the direct and indirect benefits of vaccination of different age groups. The strategy proposed in this work adapts a constructive algorithm based on the Sperner's Lemma to approximate an Envy-free division point that ensures the coupled optimization of both benefits. A comparative numerical simulation based on the age distribution of 236 countries suggests that the Envy-free strategy is successful in achieving the desired balance throughout the vaccination period.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-05-07
 
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