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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2022.tde-17052022-110306
Document
Author
Full name
Daniel Enrique Sanchez Limache
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Ethel Bayer (President)
Gheller, Ana Carolina de Mello Santos
Marques, Marilis do Valle
Moreira, Cristiano Gallina
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da função de SPI-22 T6SS de Salmonella bongori em competições bacterianas e interações com células fagocíticas.
Keywords in Portuguese
Salmonella bongori
Efetores
SPI-22
T6SS
VRR-Nuc
Abstract in Portuguese
Bactérias desenvolveram mecanismos de antagonismo para atacar espécies competidoras e garantir vantagem adaptativa. O T6SS (type 6 secretion system) é um sistema de secreção de proteínas que se assemelha funcionalmente a um arpão contrátil, no qual uma lança composta por proteínas Hcp (hemolysin-coregulated protein), VgrG (valine-glycine repeat protein G) e PAAR (proline-alanine-alaninearginine) é lançada em direção a célula alvo liberando efetores tóxicos. Em Salmonella spp., os genes responsáveis pela montagem do T6SS ficam agrupados em ilhas de patogenicidade (Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands, SPI). Salmonella bongori possui a SPI-22 que codifica um T6SS exclusivo desta espécie; no entanto, sua função ainda não havia sido caracterizada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a função de SPI-22 T6SS de S. bongori quanto a sua atividade antibacteriana e anti-eucariótica. Os resultados demonstram que SPI-22 T6SS tem função antibacteriana. Análises in silico identificaram diversos possíveis efetores secretados pelo SPI-22 T6SS. Dentre esses efetores, escolhemos quatro genes que possuem domínio VRR-Nuc (virus-type replication-repair nuclease) para caracterização funcional (SBG_1828, SBG_1841, SBG_2718 e SBG_2723). SBG_2723 e SBG_1841, renomeados TseV2 e TseV3 (type VI effector with VRR-Nuc), apresentaram toxicidade quando expressos em Escherichia coli; enquanto SBG_2718 e SBG_1828, renomeados TseV1 e TseV4, não afetaram o crescimento dessa bactéria. Ensaios de competição bacteriana confirmaram que TseV2 e TseV3 são secretados via SPI-22 T6SS. Além disso, ensaios de competição bacteriana revelaram que as proteínas VgrG2 (SBG_2715) e VgrG3 (SBG_3770) são importantes para secreção de TseV2 e TseV3, respectivamente. Para testar a atividade anti-eucariótica de SPI-22 T6SS, realizamos ensaios de resistência a predação por Dictyostelium discoideum, avaliando a capacidade dessa ameba em formar placas de fagocitose ao se alimentar das cepas selvagem e mutante T6SS. Resultados preliminares sugerem que o mutante T6SS possa ser mais susceptível a predação; no entanto, mais estudos serão necessários para esclarecer essa função. Nesse trabalho caracterizamos a função de SPI-22 T6SS e identificamos novos efetores secretados por esse sistema, demonstrando a participação de diferentes VgrG na seleção.
Title in English
Study of the function of SPI-22 T6SS from Salmonella bongori in bacterial competition and interactions with phagocytic cells.
Keywords in English
Salmonella bongori
Effectors
SPI-22
T6SS
VRR-Nuc
Abstract in English
Bacteria have evolved antagonistic mechanisms to attack competing species and secure adaptive advantages. The T6SS (type 6 secretion system) is a protein secretion system that functionally resembles a contractile harpoon in which a spear composed of Hcp (hemolysin-coregulated protein), VgrG (valine-glycine repeat protein G) and PAAR (proline-alanine-arginine) proteins is launched toward the target cell to release toxic effectors. In Salmonella spp., the genes responsible for assembling the T6SS are clustered in Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands (SPI). Salmonella bongori carries a SPI-22 that encodes a T6SS unique to this species; however, its function was not yet characterized. The objective of this work was to analyze the function of SPI-22 T6SS from S. bongori regarding its antibacterial and anti-eukaryotic activity. Results demonstrate that SPI-22 T6SS displays antibacterial function. In silico analyses identified several possible effectors secreted by SPI-22 T6SS. Among these effectors, we chose four genes that have VRR-Nuc (virus-type replication-repair nuclease) domain for functional characterization (SBG_1828, SBG_1841, SBG_2718 and SBG_2723). SBG_2723 and SBG_1841, renamed TseV2 and TseV3 (type VI effector with VRR-Nuc), showed toxicity when expressed in Escherichia coli; while SBG_2718 and SBG_1828, renamed TseV1 and TseV4, did not affect the growth of this bacterium. Bacterial competition assays confirmed that TseV2 and TseV3 are secreted via SPI-22 T6SS. Furthermore, bacterial competition assays revealed that VgrG2 (SBG_2715) and VgrG3 (SBG_3770) are important for secretion of TseV2 and TseV3, respectively. To test the anti-eukaryotic activity of SPI-22 T6SS, we performed predation assays using Dictyostelium discoideum to evaluate the ability of this amoeba to form phagocytic plaques once feeding on the wild-type and T6SS mutant strains. Preliminary results suggest that the T6SS mutant may be more susceptible to predation; however, further studies will be needed to clarify this function. In this work we characterized the function of SPI-22 T6SS and identified new effectors secreted by this system, demonstrating the participation of different VgrG proteins in the selection and secretion of these effectors.
 
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Release Date
2024-05-16
Publishing Date
2022-12-02
 
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