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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.3.2023.tde-20072023-082836
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Cardoso Prado
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Chieregati, Ana Carolina (President)
Costa, João Felipe Coimbra Leite
Yamamoto, Jorge Kazuo
Title in Portuguese
Validação de novo protótipo para automatizar testes de heterogeneidade de minérios.
Keywords in Portuguese
Amostragem
Amostragem (Teoria)
Heterogeneidade (Testes)
Abstract in Portuguese
O erro fundamental da amostragem (do inglês, Fundamental Sampling Error, FSE) é um dos erros de amostragem definidos por Pierre Gy e está relacionado à heterogeneidade constitucional do minério. Mesmo que um procedimento amostral seja considerado ideal ou perfeito, este erro ainda existirá e, portanto, não pode ser eliminado. A Heterogeneidade Intrínseca (IH) pode ser estimada pela fórmula calibrada de Gy, que é escrita em função dos parâmetros ou constantes de amostragem K e . Estes parâmetros podem ser calibrados pelo teste de heterogeneidade padrão, originalmente desenvolvido por Pierre Gy e Francis Pitard, baseado na coleta de fragmentos de rocha, individual e aleatoriamente, de maneira equiprobabilística, a partir de um lote de material particulado, visando estimar a heterogeneidade intrínseca do lote (IHL). Este teste, além de demandar tempo e espaço, pode ser influenciado pela tendência humana de selecionar os fragmentos maiores ou diferentes, gerando um viés difícil de ser quantificado ou mensurado. Para eliminar a variância gerada pelo viés humano, desenvolveu-se um protótipo denominado IHT (Intrinsic Heterogeneity Tester), que automatiza o teste de heterogeneidade. O protótipo seleciona fragmentos em fluxo cadente, um a um, por meio de uma contagem a laser predefinida. Visando validar o protótipo, desenvolveuse o Estudo Garbanzo, onde grãos de bico foram pintados simulando teores de minérios e, sequencialmente, passaram pelo processo amostral do IHT diversas vezes. Os resultados dos testes do Estudo Garbanzo foram satisfatórios tanto por análise estatística quanto por análise de teor, validando o IHT como alternativa ao teste de heterogeneidade padrão.
Title in English
Validation of a new prototype to automate ore heterogeneity tests.
Keywords in English
Fundamental sampling error
Heterogeneity test
Intrinsic heterogeneity
Sampling theory
Abstract in English
The Fundamental Sampling Error (FSE) is one of the sampling errors defined by Pierre Gy and is related to the constitutional heterogeneity of the ore. Even if a sampling procedure is considered ideal or perfect, this error will still exist and therefore cannot be eliminated. The Intrinsic Heterogeneity (IH) can be estimated by the calibrated formula of Gy, which is written as a function of the sampling parameters or constants K e . These parameters can be calibrated by the standard heterogeneity test, originally developed by Pierre Gy and Francis Pitard, based on the collection of rock fragments, individually and randomly, in an equiprobabilistic way, from a lot of particulate material, aiming to estimate the intrinsic heterogeneity of the lot (IHL). This test, in addition to demanding time and space, can be influenced by the human tendency to select larger or different fragments, generating a bias that is difficult to quantify or measure. To eliminate the variance generated by human bias, a prototype called IHT (Intrinsic Heterogeneity Tester) was developed, which automates the heterogeneity test. The prototype selects fragments in a falling stream, one by one, by means of a predefined laser count. In order to validate the prototype, the Garbanzo Study was developed, where chickpeas were painted simulating ore grades and, sequentially, went through the IHT sampling process several times. The test results of the Garbanzo Study were satisfactory both by statistical analysis and by grade analysis, validating the IHT as an alternative to the standard heterogeneity test.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-07-24
 
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