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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.85.2019.tde-04042019-141204
Document
Author
Full name
Anselmo Feher
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Calvo, Wilson Aparecido Parejo (President)
Karam Junior, Dib
Neves, Maurício David Martins das
Sciani, Valdir
Soares, José Roberto
Title in Portuguese
Estudo e desenvolvimento de um sistema de soldagem a laser Nd:YAG para produção de sementes de iodo-125 utilizadas em braquiterapia
Keywords in Portuguese
brachytherapy
capsules
iodine 125
isotope production
laser welding
neodymium lasers
prostate
radiation source implants
sealed sources
Abstract in Portuguese
O tratamento do câncer de próstata com o implante permanente das sementes de iodo-125 cresceu expressivamente nos Estados Unidos da América nos últimos anos. A técnica também vem sendo utilizada por hospitais e clínicas particulares no Brasil. As sementes utilizadas são importadas a custos elevados, o que as tornam proibitivas para uso em hospitais públicos, pois um implante requer, pelos menos, 80 sementes. Para minimizar custos financeiros e possibilitar a distribuição para entidades de saúde pública, iniciou-se o desenvolvimento da técnica de produção das sementes no País. A soldagem a laser é uma das técnicas de selagem da semente de iodo-125, que é feita nas duas extremidades do tubo de titânio, de modo a permitir a classificação da semente como fonte selada, atendendo aos rigorosos testes estabelecidos nas normas ISO 2919 e ISO 9978. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar e desenvolver um sistema alternativo de soldagem a laser Nd:YAG para sementes de iodo-125, com o propósito de fornecer dados de projeto e parâmetros operacionais para implantação de uma produção rotineira automatizada no IPEN-CNEN/SP. O desenvolvimento do trabalho apresentou as seguintes fases: corte e limpeza do material (tubo de titânio), projeto, fabricação e montagem de um sistema completo automatizado para a soldagem dos tubos de titânio, determinação dos parâmetros de soldagem (feixe de laser, gás de assistência e focalização), ensaios dos corpos de prova soldados e avaliação da repetitibilidade e eficiência do sistema. O sistema de soldagem a laser desenvolvido mostrou-se eficaz em virtude do eficiente processo de automação utilizado, capaz de produzir sementes de iodo-125 com soldas de qualidade que atendem aos critérios dos severos ensaios determinados nas normas ISO 2919 e ISO 9978.
Title in English
Study and development of an Nd:YAG laser welding system for the production of iodine-125 seeds used in brachytherapy
Keywords in English
brachytherapy
capsules
iodine 125
isotope production
laser welding
neodymium lasers
prostate
radiation source implants
sealed sources
Abstract in English
The treatment for prostate cancer by permanent implant of iodine-125 seeds has increased significantly in the United States of America in recent years. This technique has also been used by hospitals and private clinics in Brazil. The seeds used are imported at a high cost, which makes them prohibitive for use in public hospitals, since an implant requires, at least, 80 seeds. In order to reduce the financial costs and enable the distribution to public health institutions, the technique for the seeds production in the country has been developed. The laser welding is one of the possible procedures to seal the iodine-125 seeds and it will be performed in both ends of the titanium tube: this will allow the seed classification as a sealed source, meeting the rigorous assays established by the ISO 2919 and the ISO 9978 standards. The objective of this research was to study and develop an alternative Nd:YAG laser welding system for iodine-125 seeds, with the purpose of providing project data and operational parameters for the implementation of an automated routine production at IPEN-CNEN/SP. The development of this work presented the following phases: the material (titanium tube) cutting and cleaning, the project, manufacture and assembly of a complete automated system to weld the titanium tubes. The determination of the welding parameters (laser beam, shield gas and focus), the assays of the welded specimens and the evaluation of repeatability and system efficiency have, also, been carried out. The laser welding system developed showed to be efficient for the automation process used and capable of producing seeds of iodine-125 with high quality weldings, meeting the criteria for the severe assays determined by the ISO 2919 and the ISO 9978.
 
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2014FeherEstudo.pdf (6.05 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2019-04-04
 
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