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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.75.2012.tde-24072012-103637
Document
Author
Full name
Fábio Renato Pereira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Berlinck, Roberto Gomes de Souza (President)
Cardoso, Daniel Rodrigues
Curvelo, Antonio Aprigio da Silva
Oliveira, Luciana Gonzaga de
Thiemann, Otavio Henrique
Title in Portuguese
Metabólitos secundários bioativos e mediadores de relação predador/presa de invertebrados marinhos
Keywords in Portuguese
invertebrados marinhos
nudibrânquios
produtos naturais
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente investigação teve por objetivo o isolamento de metabólitos secundários biologicamente ativos de nudibrânquios, moluscos conhecidos por produzirem ou acumularem substâncias a partir de suas presas. Foram investigados extratos de quatro espécies de nudibrânquios marinhos juntamente com suas respectivas presas. Além disso, também foi investigado o extrato ativo da esponja marinha Agelas sventres. O estudo realizado com o extrato bruto da esponja marinha Agelas sventres levou ao isolamento de uma série de alcalóides bromopirrólicos, compostos tipicamente encontrados em esponjas do gênero Agelas. Dentre os compostos isolados, a oroidina apresentou atividade inibitória frente à enzima Pdr5p de Saccharomyces cerevisiae. O estudo do nudibrânquio Tambja stegosauriformis e de sua presa, o briozoário Bugula sp., levou ao isolamento de diversos alcalóides da classe das tambjaminas. As tambjaminas C, D, K e o produto de hidrólise da tambjamina B foram observados nos dois animais; o produto de hidrólise da tambjamina A foi encontrado apenas no extrato do nudibrânquio, enquanto que a tambjamina A e um isômero da tambjamina J foram encontrados apenas no extrato do briozoário. O estudo do nudibrânquio Okenia zoobotryon e de sua presa, o briozoário Zoobotryon verticillatum, resultou no isolamento de um único alcalóide indólico conhecido, 2,5,6-tribromo-Nmetilgramina, presente nos dois animais. Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos a partir da investigação do extrato do nudibrânquio Hypselodoris lajensis e de sua presa, uma esponja do gênero Dysidea, com o isolamento de um único diterpeno, a lactona da furodisinina. Embora ambas substâncias sejam conhecidas, este foi o primeiro isolamento destes compostos a partir de espécies de nudibrânquios. Finalmente, a partir do extrato do nudibrânquio Pleurobranchus areolatus foram isoladas duas novas dicetopiperazinas modificadas, estruturalmente semelhantes às rodriguesinas A e B, outras dicetopiperazinas isoladas a partir da ascídia Didemnum sp., provável presa desta espécie de nudibrânquio. Vale ressaltar a utilização de análises por LC-UV-MS e MS/MS neste trabalho, que auxiliaram na identificação uma série de compostos presentes nos extratos estudados no presente trabalho, mesmo em quantidades muito pequenas.
Title in English
Bioactive secondary metabolites and predator/preys relationship mediators from marine invertebrates
Keywords in English
marine invertebrates
natural products
nudibranchs
Abstract in English
Abstract The present investigation aimed the isolation of biologically active secondary metabolites from different species of nudibranchs, mollusks that can produce or accumulate substances from their preys. We investigated the extracts of four nudibranchs species and their respective preys. The active extract of the marine sponge Agelas sventres, has also been investigated. From the extract of the marine sponge Agelas sventres we could isolate a series of bromopyrrolic alkaloids, substances that are typically found in sponges of Agelas genus. Among the isolated compounds, oroidin was found to inhibit the activity and function of the Pdr5p enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. From the extract of the nudibranch Tambja stegosauriformis and its prey, the bryozoan Bugula sp., several known tambjamines alkaloids were isolated. The tambjamines C, D, K, and the aldehyde of the tambjamine B were found in both animals; aldehyde of tambjamine A was identified only in the nudibranch extract, whereas tambjamine A and an isomer of tambjamine J were found on the bryozoan. The study of the extract of the nudibranch Okenia zoobotryon and its prey, the bryozoan Zoobotryon verticillatum, resulted in the isolation of a single known brominated indole alkaloid, 2,5,6-tribromo-N-metilgramine, present on both animals. Similar results were obtained in the study of extract of the nudibranch Hypselodoris lajensis along with its prey, a Dysidea sponge, that led to the isolation of a single diterpene, the furodysinin lactone. Although both compounds are known, this is the first report on the isolation of those compounds from nudibranch species. Finally, the investigation of the extract from the nudibranch Pleurobranchus areolatus provided two new modified diketopiperazines, closely related to modified diketopiperazines, the rodriguesins A and B, isolated from the ascidian Didemnum sp. It is important to note the use of LC-UV-MS and MS/MS analysis in this work, which were important in the identification of several compounds present in the studied extracts in very small amounts.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-08-23
 
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