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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.55.2014.tde-10062014-094624
Document
Author
Full name
Jefferson Rodrigo de Souza
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Wolf, Denis Fernando (President)
Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
Grassi Junior, Valdir
Ramos, Josue Junior Guimarães
Rosa, João Luis Garcia
Title in Portuguese
Navegação autônoma para robôs móveis usando aprendizado supervisionado.
Keywords in Portuguese
Ambientes externos
Navegação autônoma
Processos gaussianos
Redes neurais artificiais
Robôs móveis
Abstract in Portuguese
A navegação autônoma é um dos problemas fundamentais na área da robótica móvel. Algoritmos capazes de conduzir um robô até o seu destino de maneira segura e eficiente são um pré-requisito para que robôs móveis possam executar as mais diversas tarefas que são atribuídas a eles com sucesso. Dependendo da complexidade do ambiente e da tarefa que deve ser executada, a programação de algoritmos de navegação não é um problema de solução trivial. Esta tese trata do desenvolvimento de sistemas de navegação autônoma baseados em técnicas de aprendizado supervisionado. Mais especificamente, foram abordados dois problemas distintos: a navegação de robôs/- veículos em ambientes urbanos e a navegação de robôs em ambientes não estruturados. No primeiro caso, o robô/veículo deve evitar obstáculos e se manter na via navegável, a partir de exemplos fornecidos por um motorista humano. No segundo caso, o robô deve identificar e evitar áreas irregulares (maior vibração), reduzindo o consumo de energia. Nesse caso, o aprendizado foi realizado a partir de informações obtidas por sensores. Em ambos os casos, algoritmos de aprendizado supervisionado foram capazes de permitir que os robôs navegassem de maneira segura e eficiente durante os testes experimentais realizados
Title in English
Autonomous navigation for mobile robots using supervised learning
Keywords in English
Artificial neural networks
Autonomous navigation
Gaussian processes and outdoor environments
Mobile robots
Abstract in English
Autonomous navigation is a fundamental problem in the field of mobile robotics. Algorithms capable of driving a robot to its destination safely and efficiently are a prerequisite for mobile robots to successfully perform different tasks that may be assigned to them. Depending on the complexity of the environment and the task to be executed, programming of navigation algorithms is not a trivial problem. This thesis approaches the development of autonomous navigation systems based on supervised learning techniques. More specifically, two distinct problems have been addressed: a robot/vehicle navigation in urban environments and robot navigation in unstructured environments. In the first case, the robot/vehicle must avoid obstacles and keep itself in the road based on examples provided by a human driver. In the second case, the robot should identify and avoid unstructured areas (higher vibration), reducing energy consumption. In this case, learning was based on information obtained by sensors. In either case, supervised learning algorithms have been capable of allowing the robots to navigate in a safe and efficient manner during the experimental tests
 
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TeseRevisadaFinal.pdf (12.30 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2014-06-10
 
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