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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.48.2009.tde-30082010-085854
Document
Author
Full name
Letícia Vieira Oliveira Costa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Bonomi, Maria Cristina (President)
Druck, Iole de Freitas
Machado, Nilson Jose
Title in Portuguese
Números reais no ensino fundamental: alguns obstáculos epistemológicos
Keywords in Portuguese
ensino - aprendizagem de matemática
epistemologia
números reais
obstáculo
obstáculo epistemológico
Abstract in Portuguese
Resultados em avaliações nacionais como Prova Brasil e Saeb dão indícios de que o ensino/aprendizagem de Matemática na Escola Básica tem sido deficiente. Na tentativa de entender como o aluno aprende para que o ensino ocorra de forma adequada a esse modo de construir o conhecimento, vários estudos têm sido realizados a respeito da Epistemologia do conhecimento. A Epistemologia de Gaston Bachelard afirma que a construção do conhecimento se dá com um movimento de ruptura frente ao conhecimento previamente estabelecido, com uma resistência à racionalização desse conhecimento denominado obstáculo epistemológico. O didata francês Brousseau traz a idéia de obstáculo epistemológico em Matemática como um obstáculo ligado à resistência de um saber mal adaptado e o vê como um meio de interpretar determinados dos erros recorrentes e não aleatórios cometidos pelos estudantes quando lhes são ensinados alguns conceitos matemáticos. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar obstáculos epistemológicos no ensino/aprendizagem de números reais por meio de questionários aplicados a alunos de 4ª série (ou 5º ano) a 8ª série (ou 9º ano) do Ensino Fundamental.
Title in English
Real numbers in the Basic School: some epistemological obstacles
Keywords in English
education - learning in mathematics
epistemological obstacle
epistemology
obstacle
real numbers
Abstract in English
Results in national evaluations as Prova Brasil and Saeb give indications of that education/learning of Mathematics in the Basic School has been deficient. In the attempt to understand how the students learn so that education occurs of adequate form to this way to construct the knowledge, some studies have been carried through regarding the knowledges Epistemology. The Gaston Bachelards Epistemology affirms that the construction of the knowledge occurs through a movement of rupture front to the knowledge previously established, with a resistance to the rationalization of this knowledge called epistemological obstacle. The French didata Brousseau brings the idea of epistemological obstacle to Mathematics as an obstacle to the resistance of one to a badly suitable knowledge and sees it as a way to interpret some of the recurrent and not random errors committed by the students when some mathematical concepts are taught to them. The present research had for objective to identify to epistemological obstacles in education/learning of real numbers by means of applied questionnaires the students of 4th to 8th grade.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-09-10
 
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