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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2012.tde-19102012-154700
Document
Author
Full name
Carolina Zampol Lazaro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Maria Bernadete Amancio Varesche (President)
Antonio, Regina Vasconcellos
Leitão, Viridiana Santana Ferreira
Silva, Silvana de Queiroz
Zaiat, Marcelo
Title in Portuguese
Influência da concentração de substrato e da temperatura na produção de hidrogênio a partir de vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar
Keywords in Portuguese
Água residuária
Clostridium
Energia renovável
Thermoanaerobacterium
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar a produção de hidrogênio a partir de diferentes concentrações de vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar a 370°C e 55°C. Além disso, os consórcios microbianos mesófilo e termófilo utilizados nos ensaios em reatores em batelada foram caracterizados por meio da técnica de clonagem e sequenciamento do gene RNAr 16S visando conhecer a diversidade de bactérias. Os ensaios de produção de hidrogênio foram realizados após o enriquecimento dos consócios microbianos a partir de lodo de reator UASB em condição mesófila e termófila utilizando vinhaça como fonte de carbono. Todos os ensaios foram realizados em triplicata de reatores em batelada com aproximadamente 2, 5, 7 e 12 g DQO/L de vinhaça, sendo monitorada a produção de hidrogênio, ácidos orgânicos e solventes, além de carboidratos totais solúveis. O potencial de produção de hidrogênio foi maior para concentrações crescentes de vinhaça; ou seja, de 4,3 para 28,4 mmol 'H IND.2' nos ensaios a 37°C. Para os ensaios termófilos esses valores foram bastante similares entre si, variando de 5 a 6,7 mmol 'H IND.2'. Em relação ao rendimento de produção de 'H IND.2', observou-se que não ocorreu variação com aumento da concentração de substrato para os ensaios mesófilos (10 mmol 'H IND.2'/g carboidratos totais), todavia, para os ensaios termófilos o rendimento diminuiu com o aumento da concentração de vinhaça, ou seja, de 21,7 (2 g DQO/L) para 3,2 mmol 'H IND.2'/g carboidratos totais (12 g DQO/L). Nos ensaios mesófilos, obteve-se degradação acima de 79% do substrato orgânico, enquanto para os ensaios termófilos esse valor variou de 36 a 6 %. Os metabólitos gerados foram ácido acético e butírico nos ensaios mesófilos e, somente ácido butírico nos ensaios termófilos. Clones provenientes do consórcio mesófilo foram similares a microrganismos das famílias Clostridiaceae (75%) e Ruminococcaceae (22%). Em contrapartida, no consórcio termófilo, 96% dos clones foram filogeneticamente relacionados a Thermoanaerobacterium. As cepas microbianas isoladas (CA e C1) apresentaram rendimento de produção de hidrogênio de 10 e 1,1 mmol 'H IND.2'/g glicose, respectivamente. CA e C1 foram similares (100%) a Clostridium acetobutylicum e Clostridium carboxidivorans.
Title in English
Influence of substrate concentration and temperature on hydrogen production from vinasse cane sugar
Keywords in English
Clostridium
Renewable energy
Thermoanaerobacterium
Wastewater
Abstract in English
The present study aimed to evaluate the production of hydrogen from different concentrations of sugar cane vinasse at 37°C and 55°C. Moreover, the mesophilic and thermophilic microbial consortia used in the hydrogen production tests were characterized by cloning and sequencing techniques to know its microbial diversity. Hydrogen production tests were carried out after the microbial enrichment from a UASB granular sludge at a temperature of 37°C and 55°C using vinasse as sole carbon source. All assays were performed in triplicate of batch reactors with about 2, 5, 7 and 12 g COD/L of vinasse. During the assays 'H IND.2', solvents and organic acids production as well as the soluble carbohydrates were measured. Potentials of hydrogen production increased with the increasing concentration of substrate in the mesophilic tests (4.3 to 28.4 mmol 'H IND.2'). However, for the thermophilic tests, the hydrogen production potentials were very similar among them, ranging from 5 to 6.7 mmol 'H IND.2'. For the mesophilic tests, the hydrogen yields did not change with increasing the vinasse concentration for the (values around 10 mmol 'H IND.2'/g carbohydrates), however, for the thermophilic tests the hydrogen yields decreased with the increase of vinasse concentration, the yield ranged from 21.7 (2 g COD/L) to 3.2 mmol 'H IND.2'/g carbohydrate (12 g COD/L). The efficiency of substrate degradation was higher for mesophilic tests, and its minor value was 79%. For the thermophilic tests, the substrate consumption was lower, and the values ranged from 36 to 61%. The metabolites generated were acetic and butyric acids for tests at 37°C and butyric acids for the tests at 55°C. The mesophilic clones were similar to the family Clostridiaceae (75%) and Ruminococcaceae (22%). In contrast, the thermophilic consortium presented 96% of clones related to Thermoanaerobacterium. Isolated bacterial strains (CA and C1) showed hydrogen yields of 10 and 1.1 mmol 'H IND.2'/g glucose, respectively. CA and C1 were similar to Clostridium acetobutylicum (100%) and Clostridium carboxidivorans (100%).
 
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CarolinaZampol.pdf (2.61 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-12-03
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • Lazaro, C Z, et al. Sugarcane vinasse as substrate for fermentative hydrogen production:the effects of temperature and substrate concentration. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014, vol. 39, p. 6407-6418.
  • Lazaro, C Z, et al. Development of an HPLC method for the analysis of eleven short chain organic acids in bioproduction of hydrogen. In COLACRO, Florianópolis, 2008. COLACRO., 2008. Abstract.
  • Lazaro, C Z, et al. Fermentative hydrogen production using sugar-cane vinasse as substrate. In 6th Annual International Symposium on Environment, Athenas - Grécia, 2011. 6th Annual International Symposium on Environment., 2011.
  • Lazaro, C Z, et al. Uso de água residuária da indústria sucroalcooleira para a produção de hidrogênio em reatores anaeróbios. In X Latin American Workshop and Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion, Ouro Preto - MG, 2011. X DAAL., 2011.
  • Lazaro, C Z, ETCHEBEHERE, C. A., and Varesche, Maria Bernadete A. Hydrogen production by Clostridium strains at mesophilic condition. In 13 World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion - Recovering (bio) Resources for the World, Santiago de Compostela, 2013. Proceedings of 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion., 2013.
  • Lazaro, C Z, SAKAMOTO, I K, e Varesche, M. B. Adaptação de lodo anaeróbio para produção de hidrogênio utilizando a vinhaça de cana-de-açúcar. In XX Congreso Latinoamericano de Microbiología, Montevideo - Uruguay, 2010. XX Congreso Latinoamericano de Microbiología., 2010. Resumo.
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