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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2018.tde-01022018-153528
Document
Author
Full name
Attus Pereira Moreira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 1998
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Irineu da (President)
Cintra, Jorge Pimentel
Manzoli Neto, Oziride
Peneireiro, João Batista
Silva, Antonio Simões
Title in Portuguese
Métodos de cálculo de coordenadas tridimensionais para o controle de obras de engenharia
Keywords in Portuguese
Coordenadas tridimensionais
Deslocamentos
Precisão
Recalques
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho propõe duas novas metodologias para a determinação de coordenadas tridimensionais visando o emprego no controle de obras de engenharia. Os dois métodos propostos fundamentam-se na concepção de um ponto fixo, visível simultaneamente por todos os aparelhos envolvidos no processo e em uma direção de orientação. O primeiro método tem como princípio básico a minimização de uma função matemática, definida pelo somatório das distâncias entre as linhas de visadas dos aparelhos e o alvo. O segundo fundamenta-se no ajustamento pelo Método dos Mínimos Quadrados, aplicado às equações de erros, que são determinadas em função das coordenadas do centro ótico de cada aparelho e dos ângulos zenitais e azimutais medidos. Esse segundo método proporciona, ao mesmo tempo, que sejam estimadas as precisões dos elementos envolvidos no cálculo das coordenadas do alvo e, ainda, ajusta os valores iniciais das coordenadas do centro ótico dos aparelhos. Ambos os métodos podem ser empregados para a verificação de recalques ou deslocamentos estruturais nas provas de carga em obras de engenharia. Os resultados obtidos comprovam que os métodos propostos determinam coordenadas tridimensionais com maior precisão que os principais métodos apresentados na revisão da literatura e podem ser empregados no controle de obras de engenharia.
Title in English
3-D coordinates determination methods to check engineer works
Keywords in English
3-D coordinates
Displacements
Precision
Pressing down
Abstract in English
The purpose of this work is to present new methodologies to determine 3-D coordinates to check engineer works. The two proposed methods are well-founded on a conception of a fixed point and a direction that are proposed. This fixed point must be visible by all surveying equipments envolved in the process to determine 3-D coordinates. The first method presented in this work is based on a mathematic function that must be minimized and this function is defined by the sum of the distances of the target and the sightlines from the surveying equipments directed to the target. The second method presented is based on the L.S.M. adjustment process. This method uses the errors equations that are functions of the 3-D coordinates of the optic center of the surveying equipments envolved in this process. It also uses the azimuth and zenith angles related to the target measured. This method provides at the same time, a way to estimate the precisions of ali elements envolved in 3-D coordinates determination calculus of the target and it also provides the adjustment of the 3-D coordinates of the optic centers of the surveying equipments used to measure the angles. The conception of the orientation point provides more flexibility in a performance of these two methods. The two methods can be employed to check structural displacements and pressing down in charge experiments in engineer works. The results presented in this work validate that these two proposed methods determine 3-D coordinates with more precision and accuracy than the main methods presented in literature revision and may be able to check engineer works.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-02-02
 
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