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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2019.tde-06092019-152109
Document
Author
Full name
Patricia dos Santos Leão
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Fabro, Alexandre Todorovic (President)
Felix, Renato Gonçalves
Capelozzi, Vera Luiza
Chahud, Fernando
Title in Portuguese
Remodelamento vascular e parenquimatoso induzido pela paracoccidioidomicose experimental
Keywords in Portuguese
Adventícia
Ecocardiografia
Experimental humana
Hipertensão pulmonar
Paracoccidioidomicose pulmonar
Abstract in Portuguese
A paracoccidioidomicose (PCM) é uma micose sistêmica endêmica causada por fungos saprófitas e termodimórficos do solo, Paracoccidioides spp. Regimes eficazes de tratamento estão disponíveis para controlar a infecção fúngica. O desafio clínico atual é diagnosticar precocemente e tratar as sequelas respiratórias da PCM como hipertensão pulmonar. Objetivo: Investigar a hipertensão pulmonar na paracoccidioidomicose pulmonar experimental e humana. Métodos: Uma única injeção intrapulmonar de 1x108 leveduras de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis foi injetada em dez ratos machos Wistar com 8 semanas de idade. O controle recebeu solução salina. Após 8 semanas, o cateterismo do ventrículo direito foi realizado, após o sacrifício. Todos os parâmetros dos pacientes com diagnóstico de paracoccidioidomicose foram coletados entre 2005 e 2010 por meio de prontuário eletrônico. Quinze biópsias pulmonares e 5 casos de autopsia de enfisema foram obtidos. H&E, coloração com picrosirius red, microscopia eletrônica, imunohistoquímica e morfometria foram realizadas. Medidas e principais resultados: O granuloma peribronquiolar e o padrão de deposição de fibras de colágeno e adventícia expandida foram muito semelhantes entre as amostras humana e experimental, com destaque para os pequenos vasos. A pressão pulmonar e a parede do ventrículo direito estavam aumentadas. As células SMA + mostraram que 50% dos pacientes apresentavam um fenótipo agressivo sem diferenças clínicas, radiológicas e patológicas. Conclusões: A hipertensão pulmonar induzida por paracoccidioidomicose é uma nova doença relacionada a um subgrupo significativo de pacientes após sua cura. Está relacionado à camada adventícia de vasos pulmonares e ao estado miofibroblástico. Recomenda-se o rastreamento ecocardiográfico e o seguimento clínico prolongado em todos os pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose e sua inclusão na classificação de hipertensão pulmonar da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)
Title in English
Pulmonary vascular and parenchymal remodeling induced by experimental paracoccidioidomycosis
Keywords in English
adventitia.
experimental
human
Pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis; pulmonary hypertension; echocardiopraphy
Abstract in English
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic systemic mycosis caused by a soil saprophyte and thermodimorphic fungus, While effective treatment is available to control the infection, many patients considered clinically cured develop pulmonary hypertension, and the current challenge is to provide early diagnosis of this post PCM infection induced sequel. Objective: To investigate pulmonary hypertension in experimental and human pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis subjects. Method: A single intrapulmonary instillation of 1x108 paracoccidioidomycosis yeast was injected in ten 8-month-old male Wistar rats. The control received saline solution. After 8 weeks, right ventricle catheterization following sacrifice were performed. The cases were selected from patients diagnosed with paracoccioidomycoses from 2005 to 2010, and the data collected from electronic medical record files. Lung tissue were obtained from 15 PCM lung surgical biopsy cases and 5 emphysema autopsy control cases. H&E, picrosirius red staining, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and morphometry were performed. Results: Pattern of the peribronchiolar granulomas and pulmonary arteries adventitia and perivascular collagen layer expansion were similar between experimental samples and subjects, Marked mural remodeling of pulmonary arteries, highlighted by smooth muscle actin (SMA) immunoperoxidaese stain, was seen in 50% of PCM patients independent of clinical, radiologic or pathologic phenotype. Conclusions: Pulmonary hypertension induced-PCM is a post infection outcome seen in infection free patients, and is a relatively new described disease. It is characterized by severe pulmonary arteries transmural remodeling involving mostly myofibroblastic and perivasular collagen components. We recommend screening echocardiogram and long term clinical follow-up for all patients with paracoccidioidomycosis and its inclusion of this pulmonary hypertension category in the World Health Organization (WHO) pulmonary hypertension classification
 
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Publishing Date
2019-11-06
 
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