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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.98.2021.tde-23022022-122916
Document
Author
Full name
Renata Rejane Linhares
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Moreira, Dalmo Antonio Ribeiro (President)
Bihan, David Costa de Souza Le
Salemi, Vera Maria Cury
Silva, Carlos Eduardo Suaide
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação prognóstica dos pacientes com fração de ejeção ventricular esquerda reduzida e bloqueio de ramo esquerdo: correlação com valores e padrões de strain através da análise ecocardiográfica bidimensional
Keywords in Portuguese
Bloqueio de Ramo
Diagnóstico por Imagem
Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda
Ecocardiografia e Strain
Eletrocardiografia
Abstract in Portuguese
Perante as dúvidas que ainda norteiam as alterações mecânicas envolvidas na dinâmica do ventrículo em pacientes com distúrbio de condução, este trabalho propõe a investigação dos pacientes com disfunção ventricular esquerda e bloqueio de ramo esquerdo, pela ecocardiografia bidimensional associada ao método SpeckleTracking. Trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectiva realizado na seção de ecocardiografia do Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (IDPC). Selecionou-se pacientes estáveis com fração de ejeção menor do que 40% e bloqueio de ramo esquerdo, total de 107 pacientes. Destes, foram analisados os dados eletrocardiográficos, ecocardiográficos e do speckle tracking, considerando os valores e padrões de curvas do strain. Realizou-se a evolução clínica num período de quase 8 anos. As correlações obtidas entre os valores de strain com os dados eletrocardiográficos foram poucas e fracas, destacou-se a duração do QRS. Quando comparados com os dados ecocardiográficos bidimensionais, as melhores correlações obtidas foram com a fração de ejeção. Considerando-se os padrões dos tipos de curvas pelo método speckle tracking, observou-se que 51,4% eram atípicas e 48,6% típicas. Para todos os valores de strain com significância estatística, a média da curva típica foi maior (considerar o valor absoluto), significando melhor contratilidade. No grupo com dissincronia significante, entre os segmentos basais das paredes septal e lateral, observou-se maior duração do QRS (p<0,001), da deflexão intrinsicóide em V1 (p=0,039), menor fração de ejeção (p=0,008), maiores diâmetros diastólicos (p=0,017) e sistólicos (p=0,005), volumes diastólicos (p=0,012) e sistólicos (p=0,004) do ventrículo esquerdo, volumes diastólicos (p=0,003) e sistólicos (p=0,001) indexados pela área de superfície corpórea. Na presença de dissincronia significante observou-se uma prevalência maior do padrão de curva típica do que a atípica. O tempo médio de sobrevida para o desfecho primário, foi de 6,65 anos, enquanto que o tempo médio de sobrevida à descompensação por insuficiência cardíaca, transplante ou óbito, desfecho secundário, foi de 3,95 anos. Verificaram-se sobrevidas distintas por curva de strain apenas para o desfecho secundário. Observou-se que os pacientes com curva de strain típica apresentaram sobrevida maior do que aqueles com curva de strain atípica (45,93%±12,23 x 35,51%±9,23 respectivamente, p=0,016). O padrão de curva atípica possui risco igual a 2,213 (p=0,019) para desfecho clínico secundário. Pelo modelo de Cox univariado mostraram-se significantes para ocorrência de eventos, doença arterial coronariana (p=0,049), padrão da curva de strain (p=0,019) e strain global longitudinal (p=0,005).
Title in English
Prognostic assessment of patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and left bundle branch block: correlation with values and strain patterns through two-dimensional echocardiographic analysis
Keywords in English
branch block
echocardiography and strain
electrocardiography
imaging diagnosis
Left ventricular dysfunction
Abstract in English
In view of the doubts that still guide the mechanical changes involved in the dynamics of the ventricle in patients with conduction disorders, this work proposes the investigation of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and left bundle branch block, using two-dimensional echocardiography associated with the Speckle Tracking method. This is a retrospective cohort study carried out in the echocardiography section of Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (IDPC). Stable patients with ejection fraction less than 40% and left bundle branch block were selected, totaling 107 patients. Of these, the electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and speckle tracking data were analyzed, considering the values and patterns of strain curves. The clinical evolution was performed over a period of almost 8 years. The correlations obtained between the strain values and the electrocardiographic data were few and weak, highlighting the QRS duration. When compared with two-dimensional echocardiographic data, the best correlations obtained were with ejection fraction. Considering the patterns of the types of curves by the speckle tracking method, it was observed that 51.4% were atypical and 48.6% were typical. For all strain values with statistical significance, the average of the typical curve was higher (consider the absolute value), meaning better contractility. In the group with significant dyssynchrony, between the basal segments of the septal and lateral walls, there was a longer duration of QRS (p<0.001), intrinsicoid deflection in V1 (p=0.039), lower ejection fraction (p=0.008), largest diastolic (p=0.017) and systolic (p=0.005) diameters, left ventricular diastolic (p=0.012) and systolic (p=0.004) volumes, diastolic (p=0.003) and systolic (p=0.001) volumes indexed by body surface area. In the presence of significant dyssynchrony, a higher prevalence of typical than atypical curve pattern was observed. The median survival time for the primary endpoint was 6.65 years, while the median survival time for heart failure decompensation, transplantation or death, secondary endpoint, was 3.95 years. Different survivals were observed by strain curve only for the secondary outcome. It was observed that patients with a typical strain curve had greater survival than those with an atypical strain curve (45.93%±12.23 x 35.51%±9.23 respectively, p=0.016). The atypical curve pattern has a risk equal to 2.213 (p=0.019) for a secondary clinical outcome. According to the univariate Cox model, coronary artery disease (p=0.049), strain curve pattern (p=0.019) and global longitudinal strain (p=0.005) were significant for the occurrence of events.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-04-11
 
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