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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.96.2012.tde-17052012-114448
Document
Author
Full name
Antônio de Cístolo Ribeiro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Ribeiro, Maisa de Souza (President)
Nakao, Sílvio Hiroshi
Weffort, Elionor Farah Jreige
Title in Portuguese
Provisões, contingências e normas contábeis: um estudo de gerenciamento de resultados com contencioso legal no Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
ativo contingente
contencioso legal tributário
gerenciamento de resultados
passivo contingente
provisão
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente pesquisa investigou frente às subjetividades apresentadas pelas normas contábeis do International Financial Report Standards (IFRS), cuja responsabilidade por traduzir, adaptar a situações locais e acompanhar a introdução no Brasil é do Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (CPC) e pela Legislação Tributária Brasileira, se há indícios de possibilidade de prática de Gerenciamento de Resultados (GR) via provisões relacionadas com o contencioso legal. Buscou-se também entender as singularidades da legislação tributária brasileira e os mecanismos usados na prática de GR. O procedimento Contábil, emitido pelo CPC, que disciplina a contabilização das provisões e dos ativos e passivos contingentes é o de nr. 25, uma tradução e adaptação do International Accounting Standard Nr. 37 (IAS 37), e foi o documento básico para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho. Buscou-se também entender se, após a introdução do CPC 25, houve aumento no disclosure de informações contábeis relativas a provisões e contingências pelas empresas. Como contribuição final foram explorados possíveis mecanismos para mitigar práticas de GR. A pesquisa é exploratória e triangula informações de advogados e auditores, explorando a existência e o mecanismo de GR via contencioso legal e as medidas a serem tomadas para sua mitigação. O período examinado compreende de 2006 - 2010, o qual inclui a introdução da Lei 11631 que muda a Lei das Sociedades por Ações e as normas do IFRS no Brasil. As provisões que têm origens em demandas fiscais administrativas e judiciais são elementos que podem ser manipulados pelas instituições utilizando de subjetividades existentes no entendimento e aplicação da legislação, no sentido de melhorar ou piorar o resultado contábil. A pesquisa mostrou que devido ao intrincado sistema tributário nacional, existe a possibilidade de gerenciamento de resultados via constituição ou não de provisões. Também foi confirmado que após a emissão do CPC 25, as empresas aumentaram o disclosure de informações sobre provisões, passivos e ativos contingentes.
Title in English
Provisions, contingencies and accounting standards: a study of Earnings Management through a Litigation Process in Brazil
Keywords in English
contingent liability
contingentasset
earnings management
litigation tax law
provision
Abstract in English
Given the subjectivity inherent in the accounting standards of the International Financial Report Standards (IFRS) that are translated into Portuguese, adapted to local situations and monitored by the Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis (Accounting Standards Board - ASB) and the Brazilian tax legislation, the present study investigated whether there is evidence of the possible occurrence of earnings management practice through provisions related to a litigation process. Since it was an exploratory study, we also tried to understand the peculiarities of the Brazilian tax legislation and the mechanisms used in earnings management practices. The accounting procedure No 25 issued by the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), that is, ASB No 25 regulates the accounting of provisions and contingent assets and liabilities and is a translation and adaptation of the International Accounting Standard No. 37 (IAS 37). It is the document upon which this study was based. We also sought to understand whether after the introduction of the Accounting Standards Board No. 25 there was an increase in the disclosure of accounting information on provisions and contingencies by companies. As a final contribution we explored possible mechanisms to constrain earnings management practices. The study is exploratory and triangulates information from lawyers and auditors, exploring the existence and the mechanism of earnings management through a litigation process and the actions to be taken for its mitigation. The study period is 2006 - 2010, which includes the introduction of act 11631 that incorporates changes to the corporations law and IFRS standards in Brazil. The provisions originated in administrative and judicial tax demands are elements that can be handled by the institutions that use the subjectivity in the interpretation and application of legislation by users and in procedures, in order to improve or worsen the accounting result, thus configuring earnings management practice. The research has shown that due to the intricate tax system in Brazil there is the possibility of earnings management via the constitution of provisions or not. It was also confirmed that after the issuance of ASB No. 25 the companies increased the disclosure of information on provisions, liabilities, assets and contingents.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-05-25
 
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