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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.96.2023.tde-31102023-101736
Document
Author
Full name
Giullia Gallego Quinteiro
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Daniel Domingues dos (President)
Campos, Camila de Freitas Souza
Pieri, Renan Gomes de
Title in Portuguese
Impacto do fechamento das escolas sobre a participação na força de trabalho e no emprego das mães
Keywords in Portuguese
Diferenças de gênero
Diferenças em diferenças
Escolas
Evasão escolar
Matching
Mercado de trabalho feminino
Pandemia Covid-19
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho usa os dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilio Continua (PNADc) junto com a PNAD Covid para criar um painel onde é possível seguir a mesma mulher, antes e depois da pandemia com o objetivo de avaliar o impacto do fechamento das escolas, devido as medidas de restrição social da pandemia da Covid-19 inciada em marco de 2020, tanto sobre a taxa de participação na força de trabalho quanto na ocupação das mulheres. Para poder medir o efeito causal as mulheres são separadas em grupos de tratamento e controle, o primeiro é composto pelas mulheres cujos filhos estavam frequentando a escola em 2019 enquanto o segundo pelas mulheres as quais os filhos haviam abandonado a escola em 2019. A faixa etária dos jovens selecionada para tal exercício é de 13 ate 17 anos. Utilizando como estratégia de identificação a aplicação de matching na base para que os grupos de tratamento e controle sejam o mais similares possível e a aplicação do método de diferenças em diferenças, é possível avaliar o efeito causal desejado. Sendo assim, encontra-se que as mulheres cujos filhos estavam na escola antes da pandemia tiveram uma queda maior tanto na participação na força de trabalho quanto na ocupação quando comparadas com as mulheres cujos filhos haviam abandonado a escola antes da pandemia, em 2019.
Title in English
Impact of school closures on mothers' labor force participation and employment
Keywords in English
Covid 19 pandemic
Difference-in-difference
Labour market gender inequality
School evasion
Schools
Abstract in English
This work uses data from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilio Continua (PNADc) together with PNAD Covid to create a panel where it is possible to follow the same woman, before and after the pandemic, with the objective of assessing the impact of school closures, due to the social restriction measures of the Covid-19 pandemic that started in March 2020, both on the participation rate in the workforce and on the occupation of women. In order to measure the causal effect, women are separated into treatment and control groups, the first consisting of women whose children were attending school in 2019, while the second by women whose children had dropped out of school in 2019. Age group of the teenagers selected for this exercise are from 13 to 17 years old. Using as an identification strategy the application of matching in the database so that the treatment and control groups are as similar as possible and the application of the difference-in-differences method, it is possible to evaluate the causal effect. Therefore, it is found that women whose children were in school before the pandemic had a greater drop in both labor force participation and occupation when compared to women whose children had dropped out of school before the pandemic, in 2019.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-11-17
 
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