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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.93.2022.tde-24102022-181817
Document
Author
Full name
Fabiane Gilberto Pereira Bicalho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Peccinini, Daisy Valle Machado (President)
Bagolin, Luiz Armando
Giraldi, Rita de Cássia
Squeff, Letícia Coelho
Title in Portuguese
O Pitoresco e o Sublime: os indiens de carton-pâte no Tomo I de Viagem pitoresca e histórica ao Brasil de Debret
Keywords in Portuguese
Debret
Indiens de carton-pâte
Pitoresco
Sublime
Viagem pitoresca e histórica ao Brasil
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal realizar a análise crítica e a interpretação das litogravuras que compõem o Tomo I, Casta Selvagem, da obra Viagem pitoresca e histórica ao Brasil (1834-1839), do pintor neoclássico francês Jean-Baptiste Debret, discípulo de Jacques-Louis David. Na França, Debret tinha participado da produção artística dos períodos revolucionário e napoleônico, mas, ao chegar ao Rio de Janeiro, em 1816, junto com outros artistas franceses, integrando a "Missão Artística Francesa", deparou-se com um país repleto de contradições nos âmbitos social, político e econômico. Realizamos, então, uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória a fim de examinar as quarenta e oito pranchas que compõem essa obra "artístico-histórica" e selecionar as que tinham representações dos "in i ns rton-p t " (LEENHARDT, 2015), ou seja, dos nativos brasileiros. Partindo da contextualização histórica, discutimos a chegada da Família Real no Brasil, em 1808, que deu início a um projeto de desenvolvimento visando à inserção no "mundo civilizado". O conceito de "civilização", imbuído de novo significado a partir da Revolução Francesa, foi importante para compreendermos a estrutura dessa obra que procurou descrever um "país na infância" (DEBRET, 2015). Para análise, as litogravuras foram classificadas de acordo com os seguintes gêneros pictóricos: retratos, cenas de gênero, paisagens e composições didáticas. Concluímos que os "indiens de carton-pâte" são, de fato, uma construção debretiana e foram representados segundo as poéticas neoclássicas e românticas do pitoresco e do sublime, de acordo com os padrões de composição europeus vigentes na época. Debret destacou as "capacidades evolutivas" dos nativos brasileiros e enfatizou sua capacidade de "se desenvolver", de "se civilizar", mediante o processo de "assimilacionismo" (TODOROV, [1982] 2010) pelo qual passaram.
Title in English
The Picturesque and the Sublime: The indiens de carton-pâte in volume I of Debret's Picturesque and historical voyage to Brazil
Keywords in English
Debret
Indiens de carton-pâte
Picturesque
Picturesque and historical voyage to Brazil
Sublime
Abstract in English
The main objective of this work was to carry out a critical analysis and interpretation of the lithographs that make up Volume I, Wild Caste, of the work Picturesque and historical voyage to Brazil (1834-1839), by the French neoclassical painter Jean-Baptiste Debret, a disciple of Jacques-Louis David. In France, Debret had already participated in the artistic production of the revolutionary and Napoleonic periods, but upon arriving in Rio de Janeiro, in 1816, along with other French artists, integrating the "French Artistic Mission"; he came across a country full of contradictions in the social, political and economic spheres. Then, we carried out an exploratory qualitative research in order to examine the forty-eight boards that make up this "artistic-historical" work and select those that had representations of the "indiens de carton-pâte" (LEENHARDT, 2015), that is, of the Brazilian natives. Starting from the historical context, we discussed the arrival of the Royal Family in Brazil, in 1808, which started a development project aiming at insertion in the "civilized world". The concept of "civilization", imbued with a new meaning from the French Revolution, was important to understand the structure of this work that sought to describe a "country in childhood" (DEBRET, 2015). For analysis, the lithographs were classified according to the following pictorial genres: portraits, genre scenes, landscapes and didactic compositions. We conclude that the "indiens de carton-pâte" are, in fact, a Debret"s construction and were represented according to the neoclassical and romantic poetics of the picturesque and the sublime, according to the European composition patterns prevailing at that time. Debret highlighted the "evolutionary capabilities" of the Brazilian natives and emphasized their ability to "develop", to "civilize themselves", through the process of "assimilationism" (TODOROV, [1982] 2010) which they went through.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-10-24
 
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