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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.9.2017.tde-25102017-165240
Document
Author
Full name
André Wasicky
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Kato, Edna Tomiko Myiake (President)
Souccar, Caden
Yoshida, Massayoshi
 
Title in Portuguese
Estudo farmacognóstico comparativo de Passiflora alata Curtis e Passiflora nítida Kunth (Passifloraceae). Avaliação das atividades antiúlcera e antioxidante dos seus extratos
Keywords in Portuguese
Anti-histaminicos H2 (Avaliação; Atividade)
Antioxidantes (Avaliação; Atividade)
Antiúlcera
Farmacognosia
Flavonóides
Passiflora alata
Passiflora nítida
Passifloraceae (Estudo comparativo)
Abstract in Portuguese
Passiflora alata Curtis e P. nitida Kunth, espécies brasileiras, foram submetidas ao estudo farmacognóstico comparativo. P. alata tem sido utilizada há tempos na medicina tradicional e em preparações farmacêuticas. No estudo farmacobotânico, as folhas das duas espécies apresentaram semelhança na forma, no tamanho e na ausência de indumento. Diferem quanto ao número de glândulas peciolares. P. alata apresenta geralmente dois pares de glândulas e P. nitida, um par. Anatomicamente, as duas espécies mostraram características comuns ao gênero Passiflora: mesofilo dorsiventral; drusas no mesofilo, na nervura mediana, na região cortical, medular e floemática do caule; feixes vasculares colaterais. Embora as duas espécies apresentem nervura mediana biconvexa, a de P. alata evidencia as carenas pronunciadamente salientes, principalmente na face abaxial. Outro aspecto diferencial observa-se na forma do caule: em P. alata é quadrangular e, em P. nitida, arredondada. A seqüência de tecidos assemelha-se, com exceção do maior desenvolvimento de colênquima nas arestas de P. alata. A triagem fitoquímica evidenciou a presença de flavonóides nas duas espécies e a ausência de alcalóides em ambas, tanto na droga vegetal quanto nos extratos. Formação de espuma persistente foi observada com a droga vegetal preparada com P. alata. A hemólise foi observada com a droga e o extrato desta espécie. Os flavonóides foram quantificados como 0,42% ± 0,01 em P. alata e 0,10% ± 0,01 em P. nitida. No ensaio da atividade antioxidante, a EC50 de P. alata foi de 1061,2 ± 8,5 µg/mL e a de nitida 128,0 ± 0,9 µg/mL, no ensaio do DPPH, e de 1076 ± 85 µµmol de Trolox/g de extrato e de 1985 ± 104 µmol de Trolox/g de extrato no ensaio de ORAC, respectivamente. No ensaio de atividade antiúlcera aguda P. alata exibiu, na área total de lesão (ATL), proteção contra as lesões gástricas de 100%, P. nitida de 84% e lansoprazol, o controle positivo, de 76%. Quanto à área relativa de lesão (ARL), alata exibiu proteção contra as lesões de 99,45%; P. nitida, de 82,27% lansoprazol, de 81,44%, no ensaio de lesão gástrica induzida por etanol/HCI com 300 mmol/L de HCI e extratos na dose de 400 mg/kg. As doses de 100,200 e 400 mg/kg dos extratos foram testadas nas mesmas condições com 150 mmol/L de HCI. P. alata apresentou, na ATL, 100% de proteção contra as lesões gástricas nas três concentrações e lansoprazol, de 75%. Na ARL, P. alata exibiu 100% de proteção lansoprazol, de 76,92%. P. nitida apresentou, na ATL, proteção contra as lesões gástricas de 25%, 74% e 94% nas três concentrações, respectivamente e, lansoprazol, de 80%. Na ARL, P. nitida exibiu 27,40%, 74,00% e 91,78% de proteção, respectivamente e lansoprazol, de 78,08%. Baseando-se neste estudo possível distinguir as duas espécies através de características morfoanatômicas das folhas e dos caules e, através do perfil cromatográfico. Ambas as espécies apresentaram atividade antiúlcera promissora.
 
Title in English
Comparative pharmacognostic study of Passiflora alata Curtis and P. nitida Kunth (Passifloraceae). Evaluation of antiulcer and antioxidant activities of its extracts
Keywords in English
Anti-ulcer
Antihistamines H2 (Evaluation; Activity)
Antioxidants (Evaluation; Activity)
Flavonoids
Passiflora alata
Passiflora nitida
Passifloraceae (Comparative study)
Pharmacognosy
Abstract in English
Passiflora alata Curtis and P. nitida Kunth, Brazilian species, were selected for the comparative pharmacognostic study. P. alata has been used for a long time folk medicine and pharmaceutical preparations. In the pharmacobotanic study, leaves from both species showed similarities in shape, size and in the absence indumenta. They differ by the number of petiolar glands. P. alata presents generally two pairs of glands and P. nitida, one pair. Anatomically, both species showed common characteristics to the Passiflora genera: dorsiventral mesophyll; druses the mesophyll, midrib, cortex, medulla and phloem; collateral vascular bundles. Both species' midrib presented a biconvex shape, but P. alata's was prominently shaped, notably in the abaxial surface. Another differential aspect was observed the stem shape: P. alata was quadrangular and P. nitida was rounded. The tissues sequence presented similarity, with exception to larger collenchyma development in P. alata's edges. The phytochemical screening showed presence of flavonoids and absence of alkaloids in both species, in the crude drug and extracts. Formation persistent foam was observed with the crude drug of P. alata. Hemolisis was observed with the crude drug and extract of this species. Flavonoids were quantified as 0.42% ± 0.01 in P. alata and 0.10% ± 0.01 in P. nitida. In the antioxidant activity assay, the EC50 of P. alata was 1061.2 ± 8.5 µg/mL and of P. nitida , 128.0 ± 0.9 µg/mL, in the DPPH assay, and 1076 ± 85 µmol Trolox/g extract and 1985 ± 104 µmol Trolox/g extract in the ORAC assay, respectively. In the antiulcer activity assay P. alata showed, in total lesion area (TLA), protection against gastric lesions 100%, P. nitida 84% and lansoprazole, the positive control, 76%. In relative lesion area (RLA), P. alata showed protection against lesions of 99.45%, P. nitida82.27% and lansoprazole 81.44%, in the HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesion assay, with HCI 300 mmol/L and extracts at doses of 400 mg/kg. Doses of 100, 200 e 400 mg/kg extracts were tested in the same conditions with HCl 150 mmol/L. P. alata showed, TLA, protection against gastric lesions of 100% in the three concentrations and lansoprazole 75%. In RLA, P. alata showed 100% of protection and lansoprazole 76.92%. P. nitida showed, in TLA, protection against gastric lesions of 25%,74% and 94% in the three concentrations, respectively and lansoprazole 80%. In RLA, nitida showed 27.40%, 74.00% and 91.78% of protection, respectively and lansoprazole 78.08%. Based upon this study it is possible to distinguish both species by leaf and stem morphoanatomic characters and by chromatographic profile. Both species presented promising antiulcer activity.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-10-25
 
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