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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2022.tde-25082022-094948
Document
Author
Full name
Karinne Esteves Prado
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Parise Filho, Roberto (President)
Bandoch, Gisele de Freitas Gauze
Cunha, Micael Rodrigues
Serafim, Ricardo Augusto Massarico
Title in Portuguese
Síntese e avaliação biológica de novas aminoflavonas planejadas como potenciais anticolinesterásicos para o tratamento da Doença de Alzheimer
Keywords in Portuguese
Aminação de Buchwald-Hartwig
Aminoflavonas
Doença de Alzheimer. Inibidores de colinesterases
Planejamento de fármacos
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é um distúrbio neurodegenerativo caracterizado pela perda progressiva de memória e por deficiências cognitivas. As principais características apresentadas pelos pacientes com DA são as placas senis, os emaranhados neurofibrilares e o déficit de acetilcolina. Essa pesquisa propõe a síntese de novos compostos baseados nas estruturas do fármaco anticolinesterásico donepezila e no núcleo flavona, obtido por simplificação estrutural do composto natural territrema B. As estratégias utilizadas foram a abertura de anel do núcleo benzilpiperidínico, a exploração da porção metoxilada presente na donepezila, e a inserção de grupos funcionais doadores e retiradores de elétrons, substituintes neutros e heteroaromáticos, originando o planejamento de três séries. As condições reacionais foram avaliadas e adaptadas para simplificação de metodologia, e os compostos aminoflavonas foram alcançados utilizando-se metodologia de aminação de Buchwald-Hartwig, com rendimentos pouco apreciáveis a excelente. Os produtos foram caracterizados por RMN 1H e 13C e espectrometria de massas, e as purezas comprovadas por HPLC analítico. Avaliou-se as atividades inibitórias para as enzimas AChE e BuChE a 100 µM; os compostos mais relevantes frente a AChE foram o 6b com inibição enzimática de 63,40% e IC50 de 45,21 µM, e o produto 6f com inibição de 60,70% da atividade enzimática e IC50 de 27,68 µM. A molécula 6c apresentou seletividade para BuChE com atividade inibitória de 39,81%. Estudou-se a citotoxicidade dos produtos em três linhagens tumorigênicas e uma não-tumorigênica. Os compostos 6j e 6m foram citotóxicos nas linhagens tumorais, especialmente para a linhagem PC3, sendo uma estrutura interessante a ser explorada futuramente como possível antineoplásico. O composto 6b exibiu a menor citotoxicidade para a linhagem nãotumorigênica (HEK293T) com viabilidade celular de 96,3%. Estudo de modelagem molecular sugere interações predominantemente hidrofóbicas e uma importante interação de hidrogênio com Phe295. Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que apesar de carecer de modificações e aprimoramento molecular, os produtos 6b e 6f surgem como os compostos mais promissores para o desenvolvimento de um potencial fármaco anticolinesterásico.
Title in English
Synthesis of biological evaluation of new aminoflavones designed as potential, anticholinesterases for Alzheimers disease treatment
Keywords in English
Alzheimer's Disease
Aminoflavones
Buchwald-Hartwig amination
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Drug design
Abstract in English
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairments. The main features presented by patients with Alzheimer's disease are the senile plaques, the neurofibrillary tangles and acetylcholine deficit. This research proposes the synthesis of new compounds based on the structures of the anticholinesterase drug donepezil and on the flavone core, obtained by structural simplification of the natural compound territrem B. The strategies used were the ring opening of the benzyl-piperidine nucleus, the exploration of the methoxylated portion in donepezil and the addition of electron donating and withdrawing functional groups, neutral substituents and heteroaromatics, resulting in a design of three series. The reactional conditions were evaluated and adapted in order to simplify the methology and the aminoflavones compounds were obtained by employing the Buchwald-Hartwig amination methodology with good to excellent yields. The products were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectrometry and the sample purities were comproved by analytic HPLC. The inhibitory activities for the AChE and BuChE enzymes at 100 µM were also evaluated and the most relevant compounds for the AChE were the 6b, with inhibition of 63.40% of cellular activity and IC50 45.21 µM and the 6f with inhibition of 60.70% of enzymatic activity and IC50 27.68 µM. Compound 6c presented selectivity for the BuChE with inhibitory activity of 39.81%. The cytotoxicity of the products in three tumorigenic and one non-tumorigenic lineages were also evaluated. Compounds 6j and 6m were cytotoxics in three tumorigenic lineages, especially for the PC3 lineage, being an interesting structure to be exploited in the future as a possible antineoplastic. Compound 6b exhibited the least toxicity for the non-tumorigenic lineage (HEK293T) with cellular viability of 96.3%. Molecular modeling study suggest predominantly hydrophobic interactions and an important hydrogen interaction with Phe295. With the results obtained, it is possible to conclude that although the compounds 6b and 6f lacks modifications and molecular improvement, they appear to be the most promising compounds for the development of an anticholinesterase drugs.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-09-16
 
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