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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2022.tde-25082022-171120
Document
Author
Full name
Anna Carolina Meireles Piazentin
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Oliveira, Ricardo Pinheiro de Souza (President)
Albuquerque, Marcela Albuquerque Cavalcanti de
Sivieri, Katia
Yamakawa, Celina Kiyomi
Title in English
Cultive of lactic acid bacteria in coffee residues elaborated media and obtention of antimicrobial compounds of food and pharmaceutical interest
Keywords in English
BLIS
Coffee silverskin
Enterococcus faecium
Lactic acid bacteria
Probiotic potential
Spent coffee grounds
Abstract in English
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to produce BLIS (Bacteriocin Like Inhibitory Substances) with activity against pathogenic bacteria of food interest and clinical importance, in addition to developing an alternative culture media based on waste from the coffee industry, such as coffee silverskin (CS) and spent coffee grounds (SCG) where BAL could be able to grow and produce BLIS. Enterococcus faecium 135, which was isolated from the intestine of a starfish (Order Forcipulatida), stood out as a producer of BLIS with anti-listeric activity. However, its activity was reduced when cultured with the bacteria Ligilactobacillus salivarius and Limosilactobacillus reuteri. For the elaboration of the alternative media containing the CS and SCG residues, they were subjected to an acid pretreatment with 120 and 100 mg of H2SO4/g, for 75 and 45 minutes at 140 ºC in an autoclave. For CS and SCG, the hydrolysates passed through a post-hydrolysis with 4% (v/v) H2SO4 at 121ºC for 60 min, after which the hydrolysates were detoxified using a C-18 silica column and the pH was adjusted to 6. The media was prepared based on the commercial MRS medium (by Man, Rogosa and Sharp), and the hydrolyzate concentrations used for the preparation of the media were 0, 25, 50 and 100 % (v/v) in addition to the detoxified hydrolysate. The media was supplemented with sources of nitrogen and salts equal to the commercial MRS, and also sugars for the diluted media, so the concentration of sugars was equal to the 100% hydrolysate. The supplemented detoxified SCG and CS 25% medium stood out from the others, because E. faecium 135 obtained a growth of ~ 1.9 log CFU/mL. In addition the antimicrobial activity was superior to the control, being 480 AU/mL for CS 25 % and 428 AU/mL for supplemented detoxified SCG, in addition to lactic acid production, which was 10.51 g/L for 25% CS. The probiotic potential of E. faecium 135 was also tested and it showed resistance to low pH (2.5 and 3.0). Apart from resistance to 3% (w/v) bile salts, the strain was able to adhere to Caco-2 cells, and presented negative results for virulence factors. The presence of some genes responsible for the production of enterocins was also observed in the DNA of the bacterium. E. faecium 135 was a lactic acid bacterium that could be good candidate as a probiotic, and it can make BLIS, even in an alternative media made with CS and SCG coffee residues. These residues were interesting carbon sources for the growth of the bacterium, and they could be used as an alternative to traditional culture medium.
Title in Portuguese
Cultivo de bactérias ácido-láticas em meio contendo resíduos de café e obtenção de compostos antimicrobianos de interesse alimentar e farmacêutico
Keywords in Portuguese
Bactérias ácido-láticas
BLIS
Coffee silverskin
Enterococcus faecium
Potencial probiótico
Spent coffee grounds
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de bactérias ácido-láticas (BAL) produzirem BLIS (Bacteriocin Like Inhibitory Substances) com atividade antimicrobiana contra cepas patogênicas de interesse alimentar e importância farmacêutica, além de elaborar um meio de cultivo alternativo baseado nos resíduos da indústria do café, como película prateada (coffee silverskin - CS) e a borra do café (spent coffee grounds - SCG) onde as BAL pudessem crescer e produzir o BLIS. Enterococcus faecium 135, que foi isolada do intestino de uma estrela do mar (Ordem Forcipulatida), se destacou como produtora de BLIS com atividade anti-listérica, entretanto teve sua atividade reduzida quando cultivada com as bactérias Ligilactobacillus salivarius e Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Para a elaboração do meio alternativo contendo os resíduos CS e SCG, os mesmos foram submetidos um pré-tratamento ácido 120 e 100 mg de H2SO4/g, durante 75 e 45 minutos a 140 ºC em autoclave, para CS e SCG respectivamente, os hidrolisados passaram por uma pós-hidrólise com 4% (v/v) H2SO4 a 121ºC durante 60 min, após esse período uma parte dos hidrolisados foi detoxificada utilizando uma coluna de sílica C-18 e o pH foi ajustado para 6. Posteriormente, os meios foram elaborados com base no meio comercial MRS (de Man, Rogosa and Sharp), e as concentrações de hidrolisado utilizadas para elaboração do meio foram 0, 25, 50 e 100 % (v/v) além do hidrolisado detoxificado. Os meios tiveram suplementação com fontes de nitrogênio e sais iguais ao meio comercial, e de açúcares para os meios diluídos, a fim de que a concentração de açúcares fosse igual ao meio 100%. Os meios SCG detoxificado suplementado e CS 25% destacaram-se dos demais pois, E. faecium 135 obteve um crescimento de ~ 1,9 log UFC/mL, além da atividade antimicrobiana superior ao controle, sendo de 480 AU/mL para CS 25% e 428 AU/mL para SCG detoxificado suplementado, além da produção de ácido lático que foi de 10,51 g/L para CS 25 %. O potencial probiótico de E. faecium 135 também foi testado e o mesmo apresentou resistência a pH baixos (2.5 e 3.0), além de resistência a sais de bile 3% (w/v), a cepa foi capaz de se aderir a células Caco-2, e apresentou resultados negativos para fatores de virulência, também foi observada a presença de alguns genes referentes a produção de enterocinas no DNA da cepa. Em conclusão E. faecium 135 foi uma bactéria ácido-lática que apresentou potencial probiótico, e produtor de BLIS, mesmo em meio alternativo elaborado com os resíduos do café CS e SCG. Resíduos esses que se mostraram interessantes fontes de carbono para o crescimento da cepa, podendo ser utilizados com alternativa aos meios de cultivo convencionais.
 
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Release Date
2024-07-08
Publishing Date
2022-11-25
 
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