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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2022.tde-16062023-133508
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Machado Novaes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Ong, Thomas Prates (President)
Justulin Junior, Luis Antonio
Kuriki, Patricia Semedo
Moreno, Fernando Salvador
Title in Portuguese
O papel do microRNA hsa-miR-497-5p no metabolismo de colesterol e fenótipo tumoral de linhagens celulares de mama
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer de mama
Colesterol
Mevalonato
miR-497
via Hippo-YAP
Abstract in Portuguese
Dentre todos os tipos de câncer, excluindo-se o câncer de pele do tipo não melanoma, o de mama é o mais frequente e a principal causa de morte em mulheres. O câncer de mama esporádico, que representa 90% do total de casos desta doença, é fortemente relacionado à fatores ambientais, como dieta e sobrepeso, capazes de promover alterações metabólicas importantes para a proliferação celular descontrolada, característica de células tumorais. Um crescente número de evidências indica que o metabolismo de colesterol é um dos fatores vinculados à reprogramação metabólica no câncer de mama. Entre os mecanismos regulatórios capazes de modular a via metabólica do colesterol estão as alterações epigenéticas mediadas por miRNAs, que também já foram associados a diferentes processos tumorais. Recentemente a via oncogênica Hippo-YAP de sinalização, cuja ativação é dependente de metabólitos do colesterol produzidos pela via mevalonato, foi identificada sendo regulada pelos miRNAs supressores de tumor miR-497 e miR-195 em câncer de bexiga. Curiosamente, apesar da relação estabelecida entre Hippo-YAP, não existem dados na literatura relacionando o miR-497 à via metabólica do mevalonato no contexto do câncer de mama até o momento. Deste modo, buscamos investigar o impacto funcional da inibição e superexpressão do miR-497 em genes que regulam as vias do mevalonato, estrógeno, TGF-β e Hippo, bem como os efeitos na proliferação e fases do ciclo celular em linhagens de células de mama. Para isso, utilizamos as linhagens tumorais MCF7 (Luminal A) e MDA-MB-231 (triplo negativa), e a linhagem não transformada MCF10A. Observamos que o aumento da expressão do miR-497 leva à diminuição da viabilidade e proliferação celular, acompanhada da maior proporção de células nas fases G0/G1 do ciclo celular em todas as linhagens. Ainda, mostramos em MCF7 o menor número de esferas tumorais grandes (> 100 µm), evidenciando um possível papel do miR-497 como controlador do fenótipo tronco em células de mama. Além disso, demonstramos que a modulação da expressão do miR-497 é capaz de alterar a expressão de YAP, de componentes da via TGF-β, SREBPs e das famílias de receptores ESR e ESRR em linhagens de câncer de mama. Identificamos também que o miR-497 se relaciona com a maior sobrevida global em pacientes com câncer de mama ER+. Desse modo sugerimos o miR-497 como elo promissor que relaciona o câncer de mama com a via metabólica do mevalonato em diferentes subtipos tumorais.
Title in English
The role of microRNA hsa-miR-497-5p in cholesterol metabolism and tumor phenotype of breast cell lines
Keywords in English
Breast cancer
Cholesterol
Hippo-YAP pathway
mevalonate
miR-497
Abstract in English
Among all types of cancer, except non-melanoma skin cancer, breast cancer is the most frequent and the main cause of death in women. Sporadic breast cancer, which represents 90% of all cases, is strongly related to environmental factors connected to metabolic changes, such as diet and overweight. A growing body of evidence indicates that cholesterol metabolism plays a role in the metabolic reprogramming of breast cancer, which is required for the uncontrolled cell proliferation that characterizes tumor cells. Among the regulatory mechanisms controlling the cholesterol metabolic pathway are miRNAs, some of which also regulate tumor phenotype. Recently, the oncogenic Hippo-YAP signaling pathway, whose activation is dependent on cholesterol metabolites produced by the mevalonate pathway, was identified to be regulated by the tumor suppressor miRNAs miR-497 and miR- 195 in bladder cancer. Interestingly, there are no data in the scientific literature relating both miR-497 and Hippo-YAP to the mevalonate metabolic pathway in breast cancer to date. Thus, we aimed to investigate the functional impact of miR-497 inhibition and overexpression in genes that regulate mevalonate, estrogen, TGF-β and Hippo pathways, as well as the effects of this miRNA on proliferation and cell cycle phases in breast cell lines. The tumor cell lines MCF7 (Luminal A) and MDA-MB-231 (triple negative), and the untransformed MCF10A were the cell lines used. We observed that increasing miR-497 expression leads to a decrease in cell viability and proliferation, accompanied by a higher proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle of all cell lines. Furthermore, in MCF7 this miRNA reduces the number of large tumor spheres (> 100 µm), evidencing a possible role of miR-497 as a modulator of stem phenotype in breast cells. We also demonstrated that modulation of miR-497 expression alters the gene expression of YAP, components of the TGF-β pathway, SREBPs and the ESR and ESRR receptor families in breast cancer cell lines; and that miR-497 is related to the highest overall survival in patients with ER+ breast cancer. Thus, we suggest miR-497 as a promising link that relates breast cancer to the mevalonate metabolic pathway in different breast tumor subtypes.
 
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Release Date
2024-09-20
Publishing Date
2023-06-22
 
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