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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.9.2021.tde-23022022-142148
Document
Author
Full name
Erika Vicencia Monteiro Pessoa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Genovese, Maria Inês (President)
Gualano, Bruno
Leal, Francisco Leonardo Tôrres
Pestana, Carlos Mario Donado
Title in English
Role of phenolic compounds from brazilian native fruits on obesity-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle
Keywords in English
Cambuci
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Gastrocnemius
Jaboticaba
Obesity
Phenolic compounds
Abstract in English
Skeletal muscle is an important metabolic tissue in glucose uptake and thus in glycemic homeostasis. Evidence suggests that phenolic compounds may exert beneficial health effects against metabolic disorders associated to obesity including its state of peripheral insulin resistance. The objective of this work was to investigate the role of phenolic compounds present in two Brazilian native fruits, cambuci (Campomanesia phaea Berg.) and jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba (Vell.) Berg), on the insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle of obese mice fed a high-fat-sucrose diet (HFS). For this, two independent experimental protocols were used for each fruit, where male C57BL/6J mice fed the HFS diet for the induction to obesity were used. Once the condition of obesity was established, animals started to receive daily oral administration (by gavage) of extracts enriched in phenolic compounds obtained from each fruit, in doses reachable through the diet. At the end of the experiments, the animals were euthanized and their tissue and organs collected. The animals receiving extracts of jaboticaba and cambuci, regardless of the dose, presented lower body weight gain in relation to the HFS group. The results for weekly fasting glycemia and glucose tolerance of the animals that received the phenolic extracts of both fruits showed an improvement in glycemic homeostasis even when fed with the deleterious diet. In the gastrocnemius muscle of the animals was demonstrated that cambuci and jaboticaba extracts significantly increased the content of glucose transporter protein 4 (GLUT-4) and AMPactivated protein kinase (AMPK-Thr172), which has a broad role in metabolic regulation. Regarding inflammation, the administration of extracts from both fruits favored the reduction of phosphorylation and activation of the nuclear factor-κe (NF-κB) and the expression of some genes such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and JNK, whose increase has been associated with insulin resistance. In conclusion, this study suggests that the phenolics present in both native fruits may be important therapeutic agents in the reduction of muscle insulin resistance and inflammation associated with obesity.
Title in Portuguese
Papel dos compostos fenólicos de frutos nativos brasileiros sobre a resistência à insulina do músculo esquelético induzida por obesidade
Keywords in Portuguese
Cambuci
Compostos fenólicos
diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Gastrocnemius
Jaboticaba
Obesidade
Abstract in Portuguese
O músculo esquelético é um tecido metabólico importante na captação de glicose e, portanto, na homeostasia glicêmica. Evidências sugerem que compostos fenólicos podem exercer efeitos benéficos à saúde contra distúrbios metabólicos associados à obesidade incluindo o seu quadro de resistência à insulina. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o papel dos compostos fenólicos presentes em dois frutos nativos brasileiros, cambuci (Campomanesia phaea Berg.) e jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba (Vell.) Berg), na resistência à insulina no músculo esquelético de camundongos obesos alimentados com dieta rica em gorduras e sacarose (HFS, high-fat highsucrose diet). Para tal, foram utilizados dois protocolos experimentais independentes para cada fruto, onde foram usados camundongos machos C57BL/6J alimentados com dieta HFS para indução à obesidade. Uma vez instaurado o quadro de obesidade, os animais passaram a receber a administração diária, por gavagem, de extratos enriquecidos em compostos fenólicos obtidos a partir dos frutos, em doses atingíveis através da dieta. Ao final do período experimental os animais foram eutanasiados e seus tecidos e órgãos coletados. Os animais tratados com os extratos de jaboticaba e cambuci, independente da dose, apresentaram menor ganho de massa corporal em relação ao grupo HFS. Os resultados para glicemia de jejum semanal e a tolerância à glicose dos animais que receberam os extratos fenólicos de ambos os frutos demonstraram melhora na homeostase glicêmica, mesmo alimentados com a dieta deletéria HFS. No músculo gastrocnemius dos animais foi demonstrado que os extratos de cambuci e jaboticaba aumentaram significativamente o conteúdo da proteína transportadora de glicose 4 (GLUT-4) e da proteína quinase ativada por AMP (AMPK-Thr172), que possui um papel amplo na regulação metabólica. No que tange à inflamação, a administração dos extratos de ambos os frutos favoreceu a diminuição da fosforilação e ativação do fator nuclear-κB (NF-κB) e a expressão de alguns genes como IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, e JNK cujo aumento tem sido associado com a resistência à insulina. Deste modo, este estudo sugere que os fenólicos presentes em ambos os frutos nativos podem ser agentes terapêuticos importantes na atenuação da resistência à insulina muscular e da inflamação associada à obesidade.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-24
 
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