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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.9.2014.tde-13052014-143742
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriella Pedrosa Vieira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Rodriguez, Maria Ines Genovese (President)
Costa, Ana Maria
Kato, Edna Tomiko Myiake
Title in Portuguese
Compostos fenólicos, capacidade antioxidante e alcaloides em folhas e frutos (pericarpo, polpa e sementes) de Passifloras spp
Keywords in Portuguese
Alcaloides proantocianidinas
Capacidade antioxidante
Flavonoides
Passifloras
Abstract in Portuguese
A cultura popular atribui ao gênero Passiflora várias propriedades medicinais e funcionais. Frutas frescas e secas, cascas, infusões e suco da polpa de maracujás silvestres são consumidos e comercializados para controlar ansiedade, insônia, tremores, diabetes e obesidade, entre outras indicações. Dessa forma, os objetivos deste trabalho foram caracterizar e comparar as folhas e frutos (pericarpo, polpa e sementes) das espécies P. edulis Sims variedades BRS Sol do Cerrado, Ouro Vermelho e Gigante Amarelo, P. alata Curtis, P. setacea DC e P. tenuifila Killip em relação ao seu potencial funcional, avaliando-se conteúdos de compostos fenólicos totais, proantocianidinas, vitamina C, alcaloides, tipos e teores de flavonoides, controle potencial de glicemia pós-prandial (inibição de α-amilase e α-glicosidase in vitro) e capacidade antioxidante in vitro. O principal flavonoide encontrado tanto em folhas como em frutos foi a homoorientina e as maiores concentrações foram encontradas em folhas, seguido de pericarpo. Os maiores teores de alcaloides foram detectados nas polpas dos frutos de P. edulis (0,1-0,2 mg/100 g b.s.). As maiores concentrações de compostos fenólicos foram detectadas nas folhas de P. edulis e P. alata, porém as sementes de P. tenuifila e principalmente P. setacea apresentaram os teores mais elevados em comparação com as outras frações. Em relação às proantocianidinas, este é o primeiro estudo que mostra a presenças destes compostos em Passiflora spp, em concentrações significativamente maiores nas sementes. Além disso, o estilbeno piceatanol (3,4,3',5'-tetrahidroxi-trans-estilbeno) também foi encontrado nas sementes de P. edulis variedades BRS Ouro Vermelho (2 mg/100 g b.s.) e Gigante Amarelo (3 mg/100 g b.s.) e P. alata (10 mg/100 g b.s.). Os compostos fenólicos encontrados nas sementes de todas as espécies de Passiflora analisadas se mostraram potentes inibidores das enzimas α-amilase e α-glicosidase. Este trabalho mostrou que os frutos e as folhas de Passiflora spp podem ser considerados boas fontes de compostos bioativos, especialmente com atividade antioxidante, apresentando, portanto, potenciais efeitos benéficos sobre a saúde humana.
Title in English
Phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and alkaloids in leaves and fruit (pericarp, pulp and seeds) of Passifloras spp.
Keywords in English
Alkaloids
Antioxidant capacity
Flavonoids
Passifloras
Proanthocyanidins
Abstract in English
Folk culture assigns to the genus Passiflora various medicinal and functional properties. Fresh and dried fruits , barks , teas and wild passion fruit pulp juice are consumed and sold to control anxiety, insomnia , tremor , diabetes and obesity , among other indications .Thus, the aim of this study were to characterize the leaves and fruit (pericarp , pulp and seeds) of the species P. edulis Sims varieties BRS Sol do Cerrado, Ouro Vermelho e Gigante Amarelo, P. alata Curtis, P. setacea DC e P. tenuifila Killip in relation to their functional potential , evaluating content of total phenolic compounds , proanthocyanidins , vitamin C , alkaloids , types and levels of flavonoids, potential control of postprandial glycemia (inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro) and in vitro antioxidant capacity. The main flavonoid found in both leaves and fruits was homoorientina and the highest concentrations were found in leaves, followed by pericarp . The highest levels of alkaloids were detected in the pulp of the fruits of P. edulis ( 0.1-0.2 mg/100 g b.s. ) . The highest concentrations of phenolic compounds were identified in the leaves of P. edulis and P. alata, but the seeds of P. tenuifila and especially P. setacea showed higher levels compared with the other fractions . With respect to proanthocyanidin, this is the first study to show the presence of these compounds in Passiflora spp at concentrations significantly increased in seeds. Furthermore, piceatannol stilbene ( 3,4,3',5'- tetrahydroxy -trans- stilbene ) was also found in the seeds of P. edulis varieties BRS Ouro Vermelho (2 mg/100 g d.w.) and Gigante Amarelo (3 mg/100 g d.w.) and P. alata (10 mg/100 g d.w.). Phenolic compounds found in the seeds of all species analyzed are good inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glicosidase. This work showed that the fruit and leaves of Passiflora spp. can be considered good sources of bioactive compounds, especially with antioxidant activity, thus presenting potential beneficial effects on human health.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-07-23
 
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