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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.87.2022.tde-23102023-105451
Document
Author
Full name
Claudia de Sousa Caetano
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Júnior, José Ribamar dos Santos Ferreira (President)
Cunha, Fernanda Marques da
Gomes, Fernando
Pascon, Renata Castiglioni
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização do papel das enzimas manosiltransferases no processo de envelhecimento em Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Keywords in Portuguese
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Biologia Molecular
Longevidade
Manosiltransferases
Abstract in Portuguese
Projeta-se para 2050 o dobro de pessoas acima de 65 anos e o triplo, acima de 80 anos. Espera-se uma elevada prevalência de indivíduos com doenças relacionadas ao envelhecimento (Diabetes Mellitus, doenças cardiovasculares, neurodegenerativas e câncer). Durante o envelhecimento, há perda da proteostase e todo o proteoma é afetado, inclusive a homeostase de glicosilação que ocorre no RE (retículo endoplasmático), mas a via UPR (Unfolded Protein Response) pode ser ativada para reestabelecer a homeostase proteica. Mutantes das manosiltransferases ALG12 (BY4741) e PMT1 (BY4742) são capazes de induzir esta via e promover a extensão da RLS (Replicative Lifespan) em Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Este trabalho estudou um conjunto de mutantes nulos de manosiltransferases, codificadas nos genes ALG6, ALG12, EOS1, MNN1, MNN2, PMT1, PMT3, PMT5 e YUR1. Verificou-se se estes, individualmente, estendem a RLS de S. cerevisiae por ativação da UPR. Todos os mutantes, exceto eos1Δ estenderam a RLS. Vermelho do Congo e Calcofluor White foram utilizados para analisar a resistência ao estresse da parede celular. A atividade do sistema Ubiquitina-Proteassomo foi mensurada e mostrou-se reduzida nos mutantes nulos de manosiltransferases. Os resultados de RT-PCR sugerem que, nos mutantes testados, não houve a ativação da via UPR, indicando que a observada extensão de longevidade é promovida por uma outra via de S. cerevisiae. Outras vias deverão ser estudadas, para analisar quais colaboram com este fenótipo. Conclui-se que o conjunto de manosiltransferases estudadas, não constitui um conjunto fenotípico homogêneo, porque apenas alguns mutantes estenderam a longevidade de S. cerevisiae.
Title in English
Deletion of mannosyltransferases reduce overall protein translation and extend yeast replicative lifespan
Keywords in English
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Longevity
Mannosyltransferases
Molecular Biology
Abstract in English
By 2050, it is expected that the population of 65+ years old will double and that of 80+ years old will triple. Biologically, molecular and cellular factors are detrimental for the life expectancy across species. For example, it is knownthat when proteostasis declines, the entire proteome is affected, including the glycosylation homeostasis in the ER (endoplasmic reticulum). The UPR (Unfold Protein Response) signaling pathway can be activated to reestablish homeostasis. The null mutants of the mannosyltransferases enconded in ALG12 and PMT1 are able to induce this pathway and promote the extension of longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, by activating the UPR. Not only these two mannosyltransferases, but a set of null mutants of mannosyltransferases, encoded in ALG6, ALG12, EOS1, MNN1, MNN2, PMT1, PMT3, PMT5, and YUR1 genes, are able to promote the extension of longevity. We studied these nine mutants to analyze whether they could extend longevity by activating the UPR. Eight of these mutants (alg6Δ, alg12Δ, mnn1Δ, mnn2Δ, pmt1Δ, pmt3Δ, pmt5Δ and yur1Δ) extended longevity. The activity of the Ubiquitin- Proteasome was reduced in the null mutants of mannosyltransferases. The RT- PCR assays results suggest that in the tested mutants, there was no activation of the UPR pathway, indicating that the observed extension of longevity is promoted by a different pathway in S. cerevisiae. Other tests should be performed to analyze which pathways are involved in the RLS extension phenotype of this set of mutants. Taken together, mannosyltransferases null mutants do not behave similarly regarding S. cerevisiae RLS extension.
 
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Release Date
2026-01-14
Publishing Date
2024-01-16
 
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