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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.87.2020.tde-17052022-112346
Document
Author
Full name
Amanda de Oliveira Viana
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Durigon, Edison Luiz (President)
Barbosa, Maria Luisa
Brandão, Paulo Eduardo
Júnior, Lucio Holanda Gondim de Freitas
Title in Portuguese
Monitoramento de Ectoparasitas e Vírus em Resíduo Urbano de Mata Atlântica
Keywords in Portuguese
Coronavírus
Ectoparasitos
Herpesvírus
Morcegos
Abstract in Portuguese
Morcegos são conhecidos como importantes reservatórios de diversos vírus com potencial emergente. Características ecológicas, hábitos gregários e mecanismos evolutivos constituem características que formam condições ideais para manutenção e transmissão do vírus para outras espécies. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a presença de herpesvírus e coronavírus em ectoparasitos e amostras de swab oral e retal de morcegos. As capturas ocorreram no Parque do Instituto Butantan entre 2017 e 2018. Quando coletadas, as amostras foram conservadas em VTM e armazenadas em ultra-freezer -70°C. Para a detecção molecular do vírus foram realizadas etapas de extração do material genético, RT PCR no caso de vírus de RNA, PCR, NESTED-PCR, eletroforese em gel de agarose, purificação dos fragmentos amplificados, sequenciamento e análise das sequências obtidas. Obtivemos nove espécies de morcegos pertencentes a três guildas, todas as espécies já foram registradas para o Estado de São Paulo. Foram registradas cerca de 10 espécie de ectoparasitos, sendo P. euthysternum e Chirnyssoides sp. os primeiros registros para o Estado de São Paulo. Encontramos sete amostras de swab oral e retal, provenientes de 10 morcegos, positivas para herpesvírus. Os Herpesvírus, pertencentes à subfamília Alphaherpesvirinae, apresentaram prevalência de 12,5%. Embora Hespesvírus de morcegos não possuam importância emergente, estudos de herpes em morcegos são escassos. Com relação aos coronavírus, obtivemos sequências de 10 amostras, provenientes de sete quirópteros. Dentre essas amostras, nove foram de swab e um de ácaro ectoparasito de morcego. A sequência encontrada no ácaro foi semelhante à sequência encontrada no swab retal do seu hospedeiro. Observamos que geralmente o coronavírus encontrado em um morcego de determinada espécie é semelhante ao coronavírus encontrados na mesma espécie ou pertencente à mesma guilda. Levando em consideração, que o trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma região de grande concentração e circulação de pessoas, assim como a notabilidade de alguns resultados, salientamos a necessidade de um monitoramento a longo prazo dos morcegos nessa região.
Title in English
Monitoring of ectoparasites and viroses in an urban fragment of Atlantic forest
Keywords in English
Bats
Coronavirus
Ectoparasites
Herpesvirus
Abstract in English
Bats are known as important reservoirs of several viruses with emerging potential. Ecological characteristics, gregarious habits and evolutionary mechanisms are characteristics that form ideal conditions for maintenance and transmission of the virus to other species. The aim of the present study was to verify the presence of Herpesvirus and Coronavirus in samples of oral and rectal swab bats and ectoparasite samples. The catches took place at the Instituto Butantan Park between 2017 and 2018. When collected, the samples were conserved in VTM and stored in ultra-freezer -70°C. For the molecular detection of the virus, steps were taken to extract the genetic material, RT PCR - in each RNA, PCR, NESTED-PCR virus, agarose gel electrophoresis, purification of the amplified fragments, sequencing and analysis of the obtained sequences. We obtained 9 species of bats belonging to 3 guilds, all species have already been registered for the State of São Paulo. About 10 species of ectoparasites were recorded, being P. euthysternum and Chirnyssoides sp. the first record for the state of São Paulo. We found 7 samples of oral and rectal swab, from 10 bats, positive for herpesvirus. Herpesviruses, belonging to the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, had a prevalence of 12.5%. Although bat hespesvirus is not of emerging importance, studies of herpes in bats are scarce. In addition, cytopathic effects have been demonstrated in Vero cells and can replicate in some human cell lines. About coronaviruses, we obtained sequences of 10 samples, from 7 chiropterans. Among these samples, 9 were from swab and 1 from ectoparasite bat mite. The sequence found in the mite was similar to the sequence found in the rectal swab of its host. We observed that usually the coronavirus found in a bat of a certain species is similar to coronas found in the same species or belonging to the same guild. Considering that the work was developed in a region of great concentration and circulation of people, as well as the remarkable results, we emphasize the need for long-term monitoring of bats in this region.
 
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Release Date
2024-05-16
Publishing Date
2022-12-09
 
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