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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2010.tde-15092011-151017
Document
Author
Full name
João Carlos Dias de Freitas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Sarkis, Jorge Eduardo de Souza (President)
Lenharo, Sara Lais Rahal
Scapin, Marcos Antonio
Title in Portuguese
Identificação de assinaturas químicas em resíduos de disparos de arma de fogo em diferentes alvos
Keywords in Portuguese
armas de fogo
criminalística
ICPMS
química forense
resíduos de disparos
Abstract in Portuguese
A ciência forense moderna caminha lado a lado com a pesquisa científica. Os cientistas forenses se deparam diariamente com vários casos que requerem a análise de resíduos provenientes de disparos de arma de fogo (gunshot residues - GSR). Este trabalho contempla o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para determinar assinaturas químicas de disparos de arma de fogo, medindo-se as concentrações de Pb, Ba e Sb presentes nos resíduos provenientes destes disparos depositados nas proximidades do orifício de entrada de projéteis, baseada na técnica de espectrometria de massas de alta resolução com fonte de plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP-MS). Foram realizados disparos em cinco tipos de tecidos-alvos e coletados testemunhos em regiões próximas ao orifício de entrada dos projéteis. Os resultados demonstraram que o método possibilitou identificar e distinguir os resíduos de revólver calibre .38 ao de pistolas calibres .40 e 9 mm. O uso de gráficos ternários como ferramenta de análise dos dados coletados, permitiu identificar padrões específicos de distribuição de amostras em branco e dos resíduos depositados após disparos de revólveres e pistolas. A metodologia possibilitou a atribuição da origem dos disparos por meio de confirmação dos resíduos coletados também das mãos dos atiradores. Como conseqüência a metodologia representa um grande avanço nos procedimentos da polícia e visa adicionar uma contribuição valiosa às investigações forenses.
Title in English
Identification of chemical signatures of gunshot residues in differents fabrics
Keywords in English
forensic chemistry
gunshot residues
ICPMS
Abstract in English
The modern forensic science goes hand in hand with scientific research. The forensic scientists are faced every day with many cases requiring the analysis of residues from firing gun (gunshot residues GSR). This works describes the development of a methodology to determine chemical signatures of shots from a firearm, by measuring the concentrations of Pb, Ba e Sb in the residues from these shots deposited near the entrance hole of bullets, based on the technique with high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HRICP-MS). Shots were performed on five types of target-fabrics and collected testimonies from regions close to the entrance hole of projectiles. The results showed that the method enabled us to identify and distinguish the residues of the .38 caliber revolver and pistols .40 and 9mm caliber. The use of ternary graphs as a tool for data analysis helped to identify specific patterns of distribution of blank samples and gunshot residues deposited after firing revolvers and pistols. The methodology enabled the assignment of the origin of the shot through the confirmation of the residues collected also from the hands of shooters. As a result the methodology in police procedures and aims to add a valuable contribution to forensic investigations.
 
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Publishing Date
2011-10-17
 
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