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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.85.2020.tde-12122019-172926
Document
Author
Full name
Tania Mateus Yoshimura
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Ribeiro, Martha Simões (President)
Chavantes, Maria Cristina
Martinez, Elizabeth Ferreira
Nuñez, Silvia Cristina
Title in Portuguese
Fotobiomodulação na síndrome metabólica: efeitos nos tecidos adiposos branco e marrom de camundongos
Keywords in Portuguese
diabetes
fototerapia
obesidade
Abstract in Portuguese
A síndrome metabólica (SM) é uma condição clínica que agrupa uma variedade de morbidades, como intolerância à glicose e obesidade. Na obesidade, o tecido adiposo branco (TAB) apresenta características inflamatórias que interferem na ação da insulina, levando à ocorrência de Diabetes do tipo 2. O tecido adiposo marrom (TAM), que tem como principal função a termogênese através da oxidação mitocondrial de cadeias carbônicas, se encontra hiporresponsivo aos estímulos clássicos na SM, como, por exemplo, a exposição ao frio. Estratégias para modular os processos inflamatórios do TAB e ativar o metabolismo do TAM podem atenuar as consequências da SM. Os reconhecidos efeitos anti-inflamatórios e de ativação do metabolismo mitocondrial da fotobiomodulação (PBM) indicam que essa poderia ser uma proposta terapêutica para a SM. Sendo esse o nosso foco de estudo, camundongos adultos, machos, da linhagem C57BL/6 receberam dieta hiperlipídica para indução da SM. Os animais foram então irradiados usando um dispositivo LED sobre a superfície abdominal (λ = 850 nm) ou interescapular (λ = 660 nm) para modular a inflamação do TAB ou ativar o TAM, respectivamente. O tratamento consistiu em 6 sessões de irradiação, distribuídas no decorrer de 21 dias. Apesar de não terem apresentado alterações na massa corporal e Índice de Lee, os animais irradiados na região abdominal (HFABD850) apresentaram 50 % menos células inflamatórias no TAB epididimal e também apresentaram melhora no teste de tolerância à glicose 24 h após a última sessão de tratamento. Nos animais obesos irradiados na região interescapular (HFTAM660), as irradiações promoveram aumento de duas vezes na massa do TAM, além de aumento da temperatura dorsal e da captação de 18F-FDG após exposição a baixas temperaturas. O soro desses animais (HFTAM660) também se mostrou mais semelhante ao de animais eutróficos. Nossos achados indicam que a PBM, nos parâmetros investigados, pode ser aplicada ao tratamento da SM.
Title in English
Photobiomodulation in metabolic syndrome: effects on white and brown adipose tissues from mice
Keywords in English
diabetes
obesity
phototherapy
Abstract in English
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition comprising a variety of morbidities, such as glucose intolerance and obesity. The white adipose tissue (WAT) of obese individuals presents inflammatory characteristics that directly impairs insulin response, and may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), whose main function is thermogenesis through mitochondrial oxidation of carbon chains, is also altered in SM. In obese individuals, this tissue is hyporesponsive to classical stimuli such as cold exposure. Strategies modulating the inflammatory processes within WAT and activating the metabolism of BAT can therefore attenuate the consequences of the SM. The recognized anti-inflammatory effects and the activation of mitochondrial metabolism of photobiomodulation (PBM) allow us to suppose that this could be an interesting therapeutic proposal for MS. As this was our study focus, adult male C57BL/6 mice received a high-fat diet to induce MS. The animals were then irradiated using an LED device on the abdominal (λ = 850 nm) or interscapular (λ = 660 nm) surfaces to modulate WAT inflammation or activate BAT, respectively. The treatment consisted of 6 irradiation sessions, distributed over 21 days. Although no changes in body mass and Lee index were observed, animals irradiated in the abdominal region (HFABD850) showed 50% fewer inflammatory cells in the epididymal TAB and also presented improvement in glucose tolerance test 24 h after the last treatment session. In obese animals irradiated in the interscapular region (HFTAM660), the treatment promoted a two-fold increase in BAT mass, as well as an increase in dorsal temperature and 18F-FDG uptake after exposure to cold temperatures. The serum of these animals (HFTAM660) was also more similar to that of eutrophic animals. Our findings indicate that PBM, in the investigated parameters, can be applied to the treatment of MS.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-01-21
 
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