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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.85.2020.tde-15072021-163406
Document
Author
Full name
Aderson Resende de Sousa Junior
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Rodrigues, Letícia Lucente Campos (President)
Ludwig, Zélia Maria da Costa
Santos, Hamilta de Oliveira
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de dose em radiologia diagnóstica pediátrica
Keywords in Portuguese
(TLD) de CaSO4:Dy
dosimetria em radiodiagnóstico pediátrico
radiologia
Abstract in Portuguese
De acordo com o relatório do Conselho Nacional de Proteção Radiológica (NCRP, 2004), nos Estados Unidos foi registrado um aumento médio anual nas exposições médicas de 0,6 mSv/ano para 3 mSv/ano entre os anos de 1987 a 2006. No Brasil, vem crescendo a taxas próximas de 10% ao ano, e os exames de diagnóstico por imagem, segundo dados do DATASUS, tiveram acréscimo de 45,27% entre dezembro de 2000 a 2006 (SOARES, 2011). As crianças são mais sensíveis à exposição à radiação e por terem maior expectativa de vida, têm maior chance e risco de manifestar as consequências dessa exposição ao longo de suas vidas. "Este trabalho tem por objetivo geral a identificação e avaliação da dose entregue aos pacientes em radiografia médica, em exames de tórax pediátrico na faixa etária de um a cinco anos", conforme termos adotados pela ANVISA, Ministério da Saúde e OMS. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um objeto simulador de polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA), especialmente projetado para avaliação da dose de radiação em paciente pediátrico. Para as avaliações foram utilizados dosímetros termoluminescentes (TLD) de CaSO4:Dy (sulfato de cálcio dopado com disprósio), desenvolvido pelo Laboratório de Materiais Dosimétricos do IPEN/CNEN (FORNER, 2019), e seguidos os procedimentos do Comitê de Avaliação de Serviços de Ensaio e Calibração - CASEC (IRD, 2001). As exposições com raios X foram efetuadas em um Serviço Público Municipal de Pronto Atendimento (PA), situado no Município de Cotia, fora do IPEN, parceiro do trabalho.
Title in English
Dose evaluation in pediatric diagnostic radiology
Keywords in English
CaSO4 (TLD): Dy
pediatric radiology diagnostic dosimetry
radiology
Abstract in English
According to the report of the National Council for Protection and Radiation Measurements (NCRP, 2004), in the United States there was an average annual increase in medical exposures from 0,6 mSv / year to 3 mSv / year between the years 1987 to 2006. In Brazil, this use has been growing at rates close to 10% per year, and diagnostic imaging tests, according to DATASUS data, increased by 45,27% between December 2000 and 2006 (SOARES, 2011). Children are more sensitive to radiation exposure and because they have a longer life expectancy, they have a greater chance and risk of manifesting the consequences of this exposure throughout their lives. "This work has the general objective of identifying and evaluating the dose delivered to patients on medical radiography, on pediatric chest examinations in the age group of one and five years ", according to terms adopted by ANVISA, Ministry of Health and WHO. For this, was used a phantom of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), specially designed to evaluate the radiation dose in pediatric pacients. For the evaluations were used thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) of CaSO4:Dy (calcium sulphate doped with dysprosium), developed by the Dosimetric Materials Laboratory of IPEN/CNEN (FORNER, 2019), and according to the procedures of the Evaluation Committee on Testing and Calibration Services - CASEC (IRD, 2001). The exposures with X-rays were performed at a Municipal Public Emergency Service (PA), located in the Cotia city, outside the IPEN, working partner.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-07-20
 
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