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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.82.2019.tde-26082021-192927
Document
Author
Full name
Mariana Ferreira Gonçalves
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Teles, Lidia Cristina da Silva (President)
Narece, Iara Lorca
Montagnoli, Arlindo Neto
Sanchez, Renata Furia
Title in Portuguese
Análise acústica não linear pela reconstrução do espaço de fase em sinais de voz com lesões benignas da laringe
Keywords in Portuguese
Acústica da Fala
Dinâmica não linear
Disfonia
Voz
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: A Análise Não Linear (ANL) com a Reconstrução do Espaço de Fase (REF) tem sido uma importante ferramenta de análise nas lesões laríngeas e tipos de sinais de voz, pois considera os elementos caóticos da voz humana. Objetivo: investigar e comparar as características da REF nas lesões laríngeas nódulo, cisto e sulco, nos tipos de sinais I, II e III e nos trechos de subharmônicos e instabilidade da amplitude a longo prazo. Material e Método: Foram selecionados 106 sinais da vogal /a/ sustentada, sendo 93 mulheres e 13 homens, com idades entre 18 e 50 anos do banco de dados do setor de voz da Clínica de Fonoaudiologia da FOB-USP, divididos em três grupos: nódulos com 43 vozes (41 mulheres e 2 homens, idades 18-50 anos); cisto com 40 vozes (39 mulheres e 1 homem, idades 18-47 anos); sulco vocal com 23 vozes (13 mulheres e 10 homens, idades 22-48 anos). Estas vozes foram subdivididas nos tipos de sinais de voz de acordo com as análises perceptivo-auditiva e do espectrograma em Tipo I com 53 vozes (51 mulheres e 2 homens, idades 18-48 anos); Tipo II com 45 vozes (35 mulheres e 10 homens, idades 19-50 anos); Tipo III com 8 vozes (7 mulheres e 1 homem, idades 31-49 anos). Para a análise do gráfico da REF as vozes foram analisadas através do programa Voice Analysis pela avaliação da escala C-IE (curvasirregularidade e espaçamento). Os dados da escala C-IE foram descritos em todos trechos, comparados entre as patologias e entre os tipos de sinais de voz a partir do trecho padrão com os testes de Mann-Withney e Wilcoxon. Resultados: Nas lesões laríngeas nódulo, cisto e sulco, a REF pela escala C-IE no trecho padrão mostrou que a maioria das vozes apresentou 4 curvas e irregularidade de grau 1 e no espaçamento houve predominância do grau 1 para o nódulo e cisto e grau 3 para o sulco vocal. Nos tipos de sinais a maioria dos Tipos I e II apresentou 4 curvas, enquanto o Tipo III variou de "não avaliável" a 4 curvas; irregularidade predominante no grau 1 nos Tipos I e II e no grau 3 para o Tipo III e espaçamento predominante no grau 1 nos Tipos I e II no grau 2 no Tipo III. Na comparação do trecho padrão com as patologias não houve diferença significante (p>0,05), entretanto, nos tipos de sinais de vozes houve diferença significante (p<0,05) em todos os parâmetros com exceção das curvas nos Tipos I e II. Nos trechos de subharmônicos e instabilidade da amplitude a longo prazo nas disfonias houve predomínio de 4 curvas, irregularidade de grau 2 e espaçamento de grau 3. Nos trechos de subharmônicos e instabilidade da amplitude quantomaior a aperiodicidade maior os graus da irregularidade e espaçamento. Conclusão: Concluise com este estudo que os grupos de nódulo, cisto e sulco apresentaram características semelhantes da REF pela escala C-IE. Nos tipos de sinais de voz houve diferença nas curvas entre os Tipos I e III e II e III, na irregularidade entre os Tipos I e II e I e III e no espaçamento entre todos os Tipos. Nos trechos e subharmônicos e instabilidade da amplitude a longo prazo houve redução do número de curvas e aumento dos graus da irregularidade e do espaçamento tanto nas lesões laríngeas nódulo, cisto e sulco quanto nos tipos de sinais de voz I, II e III.
Title in English
Nonlinear acoustic analysis by Phase Space Reconstruction in voice signals with benign laryngeal lesions
Keywords in English
Dysphonia
Nonlinear dynamics
Speech Acoustics
Voice
Abstract in English
Introduction: Nonlinear Analysis (ANL) with Phase Space Reconstruction (PSR) has been an important analysis tool in the laryngeal lesions and types of voice signals, as it considers the chaotic elements of the human voice. Objective: To investigate and compare the characteristics of PSR in laryngeal nodule, cyst and sulcus lesions, in signal types I, II and III and in subharmonic stretches and long-term amplitude instability. Material and Method: A total of 106 sustained vowel /a/ signs were selected, 93 women and 13 men, aged between 18 and 50 years from the FOB-USP Speech-Language Clinic database, divided into three groups: nodules with 43 voices (41 women and 2 men, ages 18-50 years); cyst with 40 voices (39 women and 1 man, ages 18-47 years); sulcus vocalis with 23 voices (13 women and 10 men, ages 22-48 years). These voices were subdivided into the voice signal types according to the auditory-perceptual and spectrogram analyzes with Type I 53 voices (51 women and 2 men, ages 18-48 years); Type II with 45 voices (35 women and 10 men, ages 19-50 years); Type III with 8 voices (7 women and 1 man, ages 31-49 years). For the analysis of the PSR graph, the voices were analyzed using the Voice Analysis program by evaluating the C-IS scale (curvesirregularity and spacing). The C-IS scale data were described in all sections, compared between the pathologies and between the types of voice signals from the standard stretch with the Mann-Withney and Wilcoxon tests. Results: In laryngeal lesion's nodule, cyst and sulcus, the PSR nodule, cyst and sulcus vocalis, a PSR by the C-IS scale in the standard section, most of the voices presented 4 curves and grade 1 irregularity and in the spacing there was predominance of grade 1 for the nodule and cyst and grade 3 for the sulcus vocalis. In the types of signals most Types I and II had 4 curves, while the Type III ranged from "not evaluable" to 4 curves; predominant irregularity in grade 1 in Types I and II in grade 3 for Type III and spacing predominant in grade 1 in Types I and II in grade 2 in Type III. In the comparison of the standard stretch with the pathologies there was no significant difference (p> 0.05), however, in the types of voice signals there was a significant difference (p <0.05) in all parameters except the curves in Types I and II. In subharmonic stretches and long-term amplitude instability in dysphonias there was a predominance of 4 curves, grade 2 irregularity and grade 3 spacing. In subharmonic and amplitude instability stretches the higher theaperiodicity the higher the degrees of irregularity and spacing. Conclusion: It was concluded with this study that the nodule, cyst and groove groups presented similar characteristics of PSR by the C-IE scale. In the types of voice signals there was difference in the curves between Types I and III and II and III, in the irregularity between Types I and II and I and III and in the spacing between all Types. In the stretches and subharmonics and long-term amplitude instability there was a reduction in the number of curves and an increase in the degree of irregularity and spacing in both nodule, cyst and sulcus laryngeal lesions and in voice signal types I, II and III.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-08-31
 
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