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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2021.tde-27122021-184530
Document
Author
Full name
Henrique Canary Rodrigues
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Bianchi, Maria de Fátima (President)
Gomide, Bruno Barretto
Ruseishvili, Svetlana
Segrillo, Angelo de Oliveira
Title in Portuguese
Nostalgia soviética: memória e cultura na Rússia contemporânea
Keywords in Portuguese
Cultura russa
Memória cultural
Nostalgia soviética
União Soviética
Abstract in Portuguese
Desde o final dos anos 1990 e início dos anos 2000, observa-se na Rússia um fenômeno que vários pesquisadores têm chamado de "nostalgia soviética", ou seja, uma revalorização da experiência vivida pela Rússia entre 1917 e 1991. Essa visão romântica do passado penetra profundamente a sociedade russa contemporânea, influenciando fortemente a produção cultural do país, com uma multiplicidade de programas de TV, filmes, livros e outros produtos que remetem a uma visão positiva e sentimental do passado soviético, em oposição à visão negativa que predominou durante a década de 1990. Por meio da análise do programa televisivo Namiédni - 1961-1991: Nacha era (Trad.: Recentemente - 1961-1991: Nossa era), uma série documental sobre o passado soviético que foi ao ar na TV russa entre 1997 e 1998,a presente tese visa demonstrar que a nostalgia soviética surge como resultado mais ou menos espontâneo do desenvolvimento do país. O trauma das reformas liberalizantes da era Iéltsin fez com que as pessoas olhassem com outros olhos para o passado recente e passassem a revalorizar o período soviético. Mas a história não parou aí. No início dos anos 2000, com a ascensão de Pútinao poder, o Estado russo entrou em cena e passou a se utilizar do sentimento nostálgico dos russos para promover uma "nova ideia nacional", profundamente patriótica e nacionalista. Aquilo que era um mero lembrar se transformou em uma política cultural específica, voltada para o renascimento da grandeza passada. Nos termos em que coloca Svetlana Boym (2001), a nostalgia reflexiva (a saudade pura e simples) se transformou em nostalgia restaurativa (desejo derestauração do passado glorioso).
Title in English
Soviet nostalgia: memory and culture in contemporary Russia
Keywords in English
Cultural memory
Russian culture
Soviet nostalgia
Soviet Union
Abstract in English
Since the late 1990s and the early 2000s, there has been a phenomenon in Russia that several researchers have called "Soviet nostalgia", that is, a revaluation of the experience lived by Russia between 1917 and 1991. This romantic view of the past deeply penetrates contemporary Russian society, strongly influencing the country's cultural production, with a multiplicity of TV programs, films, books and other products that refer to a positive and sentimental view of the Soviet past, as opposed to the negative view that predominated during the 1990s. Through the analysis of the television program Namiédni - 1961-1991: Nacha era (Transl.: Recently - 1961-1991: Our era), a documentary series about the Soviet past that aired on Russian TV between 1997 and 1998, this thesis aims to demonstrate that Soviet nostalgia arises as a more or less spontaneous result of the country's development. The trauma of the liberalizing reforms of the Yeltsin era caused people to look at the recent past with new eyes and to revalue the Soviet period. But the story didn't stop there. In the early 2000s, with Putin's rise to power, the Russian state stepped in and started to use the Russians' nostalgic sentiment to promote a "new national idea", deeply patriotic and nationalist. What was a mere remembering has become a specific cultural policy, aimed at the rebirth of past greatness. In the terms of Svetlana Boym (2001), reflexive nostalgia (pure and simple yearning) has been transformed into restorative nostalgia (desire to restore the glorious past).
 
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Publishing Date
2021-12-27
 
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