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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2020.tde-03082020-134147
Document
Author
Full name
Osvando de Melo Marques
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Izarra, Laura Patricia Zuntini de (President)
Betti, Maria Silvia
Bolfarine, Mariana
Candia, Michela Rosa Di
Title in Portuguese
Significantes e (Res)significados: letramento e trauma cultural chicano em Under the Feet of Jesus (1995), de Helena María Viramontes
Keywords in Portuguese
Agência
Consciência crítica
Letramento
Literatura chicana
Ressignificação
Trauma cultural
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho propõe uma leitura da temática do letramento e do trauma cultural no romance Under the Feet of Jesus (1995), da autora chicana Helena María Viramontes. Num primeiro momento, nosso estudo se concentra na especificidade de letramento que o romance retrata como força capaz de engendrar mudança social: o letramento completo, que ultrapassa a mera técnica de decodificar e codificar a escrita, despertando a consciência do indivíduo e impulsionando-o a ressignificar seu mundo. Analisamos o processo de aquisição dessa consciência via linguagem pela protagonista Estrella, discutindo também a importância das relações interpessoais para o desenvolvimento da sua agência. Em um segundo momento, traçamos um histórico da formação da etnia chicana a partir da anexação do Texas e da conquista do território mexicano pelos Estados Unidos, no séc. XIX, apontando os traumas presentes nessa história, desde então. Observamos como tais traumas adquirem uma dimensão cultural a partir do Renascimento Chicano impulsionado pelo Movimiento dos anos 1960. Embasados em conceituações teóricas do trauma cultural, discutimos como as personagens lidam com as experiências traumáticas e verificamos que somente Estrella, ao alcançar agência por meio do letramento, é capaz de ressignificar sua história. Concluímos que Estrella é o epítome de toda a etnia chicana e que a ressignificação do trauma que consegue empreender na história ficcional sinaliza a possibilidade e a necessidade de um novo revigoramento dessa comunidade étnica na história real, o que somente é possível por meio de um letramento que conduza a consciência à ação.
Title in English
Signifiers and (Re)signifieds: Literacy and Chicano Cultural Trauma in Helena María Viramontess Under the Feet of Jesus (1995)
Keywords in English
Agency
Chicana/o literature
Critical awareness
Cultural trauma
Literacy
Resignification
Abstract in English
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the themes of literacy and cultural trauma as they are portrayed in the novel Under the Feet of Jesus (1995), by the Chicana author Helena María Viramontes. Firstly, I focus my study on the specificity of literacy that the story portrays as a force capable of triggering social change, namely, complete literacy, which goes beyond the mere technique of decoding and coding script, since it awakens the individual's awareness and makes it possible for him or her to reframe the world. I carry out an analysis of the acquisition of critical awareness by the protagonist Estrella, and I also discuss the importance of interpersonal relationships for the development of her agency. Secondly, I present a succinct history of the formation of the Chicana ethnicity from the annexation of Texas and the conquest of Mexican territory by the United States, in the 19th century, and I point out the traumas permeating this history, since then. Additionally, I discuss how such traumas acquired a cultural dimension during the Chicano Renaissance propelled by the Movimiento in the 1960s. Based on theoretical concepts of cultural trauma, I discuss how the characters in Under the Feet of Jesus cope with traumatic experiences, and I show that only Estrella, upon reaching agency through complete literacy, is capable of resignifying history. Finally, I argue that Estrella is the epitome of the entire Chicana ethnicity, and that the resignification of trauma she carries out in the fictional world is indicative of the need for a reinvigoration of her ethnic community in the real world, which is only possible through a kind of literacy that conjugates awareness and action.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-08-03
 
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