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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2022.tde-05102022-194751
Document
Author
Full name
Cláudia Castanheira Cardoso
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Gonçalves Segundo, Paulo Roberto (President)
Dias, Ana Rosa Ferreira
Lousada, Eliane Gouvêa
Rodrigues, Lucimar Regina Santana
Title in Portuguese
O discurso social do desenvolvimento sustentável de empresas de alimentos e bebidas: uma análise crítico-discursiva das propagandas institucionais nas redes sociais
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise Crítica do Discurso
Desenvolvimento Sustentável
LGBTQIA+
Racismo
Redes Sociais
Abstract in Portuguese
O discurso social do desenvolvimento sustentável tem sido cada vez mais abordado pelo setor econômico da agroindústria, tornando-se uma importante estratégia de marketing social das empresas, inclusive nas redes sociais. É nesse sentido que consideramos essencial investigar as estratégias discursivas que as empresas do setor de alimentos e de bebidas utilizam ao instanciarem esse discurso. Assim, propomo-nos a analisar propagandas institucionais divulgadas no Instagram das companhias Unilever e da Coca-Cola e suas respectivas marcas, no período de janeiro de 2019 a julho de 2020, com foco nas temáticas LGBTQIA+ (dezessete postagens) e Racismo (onze postagens). Nossos objetivos, neste estudo, foram i. investigar a constituição do discurso social do desenvolvimento sustentável no âmbito de postagens de propaganda institucional das referidas empresas; ii. depreender os recortes discursivos calcados na definição geral do pilar social do desenvolvimento sustentável (BRUNDTLAND, 1991) e da Agenda 2030 (ONU, 2022), ambos da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), que as companhias reproduzem; iii. discernir o estatuto ideológico dos textos e as estratégias mobilizadas para a sua consolidação; e iv. discutir o caráter autopromocional dos textos e seus reflexos em termos do ethos das marcas. Para tanto, recorremos a um diálogo multidisciplinar que reuniu a Análise Crítica do Discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003; WODAK, 2004; MELO, 2011; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO, 2014a; BARROS, 2018; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO, 2018); a Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY, 2004) no que diz respeito ao sistema de TRANSITIVIDADE (HALLIDAY, 2004; FUZER e CABRAL, 2014) e ao subsistema de atitude do sistema de AVALIATIVIDADE (HALLIDAY, 2004; MARTIN e WHITE, 2005; CRUZ, 2012; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO, 2016a); a Linguística Cognitiva (LANGACKER, 2008) no que tange ao estudo de Metáforas (VEREZA, 2007; FERRARI, 2011; VEREZA, 2013; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO e ZELIC, 2016b) e Metonímias (FORCEVILLE, 2009; FERRARI, 2011; MOYA, 2011; VILLACAÑAS e WHITE, 2013; SILVA, 2014; SOBRINO, 2017; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO, 2020); e a Semiótica Social, a partir de conceitos da Gramática do Design Visual, de Kress & Van Leuween (2006), e da Coesão Verbo-imagética, de IsolaLanzoni (2020). Concluímos que as empresas ensaiam um posicionamento semelhante ao do desenvolvimento sustentável desenvolvido pela ONU e acabam por estender sua definição. Ademais, ditam e definem o que é o Consumidor Responsável, instanciando três tipos: i. não tem tanto conhecimento e engajamento nessas causas; ii. tem um certo conhecimento; e iii. é bastante envolvido nas causas e exige engajamento das marcas em ações e movimentos, como o Black Lives Matter. Por fim, representam-se como militantes, engajadas, sensíveis às desigualdades, indignadas com as injustiças etc., autolegitimando-se como intermediárias das causas abordadas, mas essas mesmas empresas não apresentam práticas sociais realmente substanciais e, por isso, podem estar instanciando um discurso que meramente reproduz Diversitywashing
Title in English
The social discourse of sustainable development of food and beverage companies: a critical-discursive analysis of institutional advertisements on social media
Keywords in English
Critical Discourse Analysis
LGBTQIA+
Racism
Social Media
Sustainable Development
Abstract in English
The social discourse of sustainable development has been increasingly addressed by the economic sector of agribusiness, becoming an important social marketing strategy for companies, including on social media. Thereby we consider essential to investigate the discursive strategies that companies in the food and beverage sector have been using. Thus, we propose to analyze institutional advertisements focusing on LGBTQIA+ and Racism subjects published on Instagram, from January 2019 to July 2020, by Unilever and Coca-Cola companies and their respective brands. The objectives of this study were: i. to investigate how the social discourse of sustainable development is contemplated within the scope of institutional advertising posts by the companies; ii. to infer the discursive clippings using the general definition of the social pillar of sustainable development (BRUNDTLAND, 1991) and the 2030 Agenda, both parameters of the United Nations Organization (UN) that companies replicate; iii. to discern the ideological status of the texts and the strategies used for their consolidation; and iv. to discuss the self-promotional character of the texts and its reflexes in terms of the ethos of these brands. Therefore, we took a multidisciplinary approach that assembled Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003; WODAK, 2004; MELO, 2011; GONÇALVESSEGUNDO, 2014a; BARROS, 2018; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO, 2018); Systemic Functional Linguistics (HALLIDAY, 2004) regarding the system of TRANSITIVITY (HALLIDAY, 2004; FUZER e CABRAL, 2014) and the Attitude subsystem of the APPRAISAL system (HALLIDAY, 2004; MARTIN e WHITE, 2005; CRUZ, 2012; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO, 2016a); Cognitive Linguistics (LANGACKER, 2008) regarding the study of Metaphors (VEREZA, 2007; FERRARI, 2011; VEREZA, 2013; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO e ZELIC, 2016b) and Metonyms (FORCEVILLE, 2009; FERRARI, 2011; MOYA, 2011; VILLACAÑAS e WHITE, 2013; SILVA, 2014; SOBRINO, 2017; GONÇALVES-SEGUNDO, 2020); and Social Semiotics, based on concepts of the Grammar of Visual Design, by Kress & Van Leuween (2006), and the Image-Text Cohesion system, as elaborated by Isola-Lanzoni (2020). We perceived that Unilever and Coca-Cola companies use a similar position of the sustainable discourse to what was first developed by the UN, as well as they extend its definition. Moreover, the companies define what a Responsible Consumer is, by instantiating three types: i. one that does not have as much knowledge of and engagement in these causes; ii. one that has a certain knowledge thereof; and iii. one that is very involved in causes and that demands engagement of brands in social actions and movements, such as Black Lives Matter. Finally, the companies represent themselves as militants, socially engaged, sensitive to inequalities, outraged by injustices, amongst other properties, in order to legitimize themselves as intermediaries of the approached causes. However,these same companies do not put forward substantial social practices and, therefore, may be instantiating a discourse that merely reproduces Diversitywashing
 
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Publishing Date
2022-10-06
 
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