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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2023.tde-29012024-172847
Document
Author
Full name
Sergio Amadeus Leon Lopes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Queiroz, Francisco Assis de (President)
Brito, Ana Paula Oliveira Pereira de Morais
Couto, Rita Cristina Carvalho de Medeiros
Ferreira, Francisco Rômulo Monte
Title in Portuguese
O conceito de gene e a biopolítica (1900-1980)
Keywords in Portuguese
Biopolítica
História conceitual
História da ciência
História da genética
Abstract in Portuguese
Nos conformes da concepção dos estilos de pensamento, originalmente proposta por Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961), uma relação de saber constitui-se como uma relação entre um objeto e um coletivo, de modo que, embora cada disciplina especializada possua predicados singulares, parcela de suas operações pode ser remetida a ideias e a padrões oriundos de outras comunidades científicas ou mesmo a formas de compreensão advindas do conjunto da sociedade. Nesse sentido, a genética afigura-se como oportuno campo de investigação dessa relação entre o saber científico e os seus condicionantes no mundo social, uma vez que a disciplina trabalha diversas questões limiares da sociedade, especialmente no mundo contemporâneo que é reiteradamente pensado em termos biopolíticos, marcado por uma crescente tradutibilidade entre a política e a vida. No estudo do gene, conceito central da genética firmado por Wilhelm Johannsen (1857-1927) no começo do século XX, permite-se, portanto, buscar compreender como as variações de um conceito técnico, diversas vezes reelaborado desde a sua formulação inicial, estão relacionadas com as mudanças no estilo de pensamento e no panorama biopolítico da sociedade. Mediante a reconstituição dos consensos acerca do gene, e usados os dissensos como evidência de vinculação a fatores políticos e sociais, trata-se de uma investigação dos cruzamentos entre a ciência e a biopolítica, o que direciona a uma ponderação, por um lado, dos efeitos da sociedade no estilo da ciência e, por outro lado, dos efeitos e das apropriações da ciência no mundo social.
Title in English
The concept of gene and biopolitics (1900-1980)
Keywords in English
Biopolitics
Conceptual history
History of genetics
History of science
Abstract in English
In accordance with the conception of styles of thought, originally proposed by Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961), a relationship of knowledge is constituted as a relationship between an object and a collective, so that, although each specialized discipline had singular predicates, a portion of its operations can be referred to ideas and standards originating from other scientific communities or even to forms of understanding arising from society as a whole. In this sense, genetics appears as an opportune field of investigation of this relationship between scientific knowledge and its constraints in the social world, since the discipline works on several threshold issues of society, especially in the contemporary world that is repeatedly thought of in biopolitical terms, marked by a growing translatability between politics and life. In the study of the gene, a central concept of genetics established by Wilhelm Johannsen (1857-1927) at the beginning of the 20th century, it is possible, therefore, to seek to understand how the variations of a technical concept, several times re-elaborated since its initial formulation, are related to changes in the thinking style and biopolitical landscape of society. Through the reconstitution of the consensus about the gene, and using the dissent as evidence of linkage to political and social factors, it is an investigation of the crossings between science and biopolitics, which leads to a weighting, on the one hand, of the effects of society in the style of science and, on the other hand, the effects and appropriations of science in the social world.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-01-29
 
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