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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2022.tde-23022023-162811
Document
Author
Full name
Gustavo Velloso
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Zeron, Carlos Alberto de Moura Ribeiro (President)
Chaves, Manuel Francisco Fernández
Fernandes, Luiz Estevam de Oliveira
Marquese, Rafael de Bivar
Sepúlveda, María Eugenia Petit-Breuilh
Vilardaga, Jose Carlos
Title in Portuguese
Os nós da flecha: crise e sublevação na fronteira meridional do Império espanhol (Chile, 1655-1662))
Keywords in Portuguese
Chile colonial
Crise
Império espanhol
Negociação política
Sociedades mapuches
Sublevação indígena
Trabalho compulsório
Abstract in Portuguese
Em meados do século XVII, uma sublevação indígena de extraordinárias proporções abalou as áreas de ocupação colonial hispânica no centro-sul do Chile, então província do vice-reino do Peru, e desencadeou a ira dos moradores da cidade de Concepción contra as autoridades coloniais instituídas. Naquele tempo, as diferentes comunidades mapuches da região atravessavam o momento crucial de um processo de sociogênese que se expressava na articulação cada vez mais ampla e coesa de laços de aliança política e cooperação guerreira. O Império espanhol, ao contrário, colapsava na esteira do esgotamento de seu antigo modelo de exploração colonial e da ascensão de potências marítimas de novo estilo que começavam a fazer-lhe sombra em meio a um contexto internacional revolucionário. A simultaneidade desses dois movimentos produziu no âmbito local uma crise de sociabilidade e gerou graves impasses para a reprodução da vida na colônia. Foi no interior dessa conjuntura repleta de tensões que milhares de indivíduos com procedências, microetnias, situações jurídicas e ocupações laborais diversas adotaram a alternativa da insurreição conjunta. O presente trabalho se debruça sobre tal acontecimento e procura interpretá-lo em sua complexidade imanente, situando-o na intersecção de um complexo múltiplo e contraditoriamente estruturado de crises sociais.
Title in English
The knots of the arrow: crisis and uprising in the southern frontier of the Spanish Empire (Chile, 1655-1662)
Keywords in English
Colonial Chile
Crisis
Forced labour
Indigenous uprising
Mapuche societies
Political negotiation
Spanish Empire
Abstract in English
In the mid-seventeenth century, a powerful indigenous uprising shook the Hispanic colonial zones of southern central Chile - then province of Vice-Kingdom of Peru - and unleashed the fury of the inhabitants of the city of Concepción against the established colonial authorities. At that time, the various Mapuche communities were in the crucial moment of a process of sociogenesis, expressed in an ever broader and more cohesive articulation of political alliances and cooperation in warfare. On the other hand, the Spanish Empire was collapsing due to the exhaustion of its old model of colonial exploitation and the rise of new maritime powers that began to overshadow it under an international revolutionary context. The simultaneity of these two movements produced a crisis of sociability at local level and generated serious impasses for the reproduction of social life in that colony. Amidst the turmoil, thousands of Mapuche individuals with different origins, micro-ethnicities, legal status, and labour occupations opted for a joint insurrection. The present work focuses on this event, unveiling its immanent complexities, as well as placing it in the intersection of a multiple and contradictorily structured complex of social crises.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-02-23
 
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