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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2000.tde-20092012-164022
Document
Author
Full name
Márcia D'Angelo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2000
Supervisor
Committee
Nascimento, Benedicto Heloiz (President)
Moraes, Carmen Sylvia Vidigal
Moura, Esmeralda Blanco Bolsonaro de
Title in Portuguese
Caminhos para o Advento da Escola de Aprendizes Artífices de São Paulo: um Projeto das Elites para uma Sociedade Assalariada
Keywords in Portuguese
Educação
Ensino profissionalizante
História do Brasil
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar a Escola de Aprendizes Artífices de São Paulo, criada em 1909, como uma instituição que atendia às especificidades de São Paulo na época, como nacionalizar os trabalhadores, majoritariamente estrangeiros. Assim, cuidava-se de transmitir a língua e a cultura brasileira; a disciplina baseada na assiduidade, pontualidade, respeito à hierarquia e principalmente educar os futuros artífices, mestres e contra mestres, através de um ensino racional e científico, no sentido de descaracterizar o conhecimento empírico desses trabalhadores. A referida escola, apesar de ter sido criada por Nilo Peçanha, possivelmente, no sentido educar os desfavorecidos da fortuna, ilustrando a tese de uma elite brasileira, não representativa do polo dinâmico e que propunha, no Congresso Agrícola de 1878, no Rio de Janeiro, o aproveitamento da mão-de-obra livre pobre e ex-escrava, acabava por corresponder às expectativas da burguesia moderna paulista, que, no mesmo Congresso, fora vencedora ao propor o uso do imigrante no mercado de trabalho livre nacional. Diferentemente de suas congêneres nacionais. o seu alunado era formado por filhos de operários, profissionais urbanos e pelos próprios operários. Enquanto isso, e dando continuidade ao projeto da fração de elite moderna paulista, houve na década de 1920 a criação da Escola de Mecânica Prática do Liceu de Artes e Ofícios , a criação do Centro Ferroviário de Ensino e Seleção Profissional em 1934 e em 1942 a criação do SENAI, tendo como figura chave o engenheiro suíço Roberto Mange, inaugurando a seriação metódica, com a parcelização da produção e a requalificação por função, indicando um processo que iria ocorrer nas Escolas de Aprendizes Artífices de modo muito mais moroso.
Title in English
Paths to the advent of São Paulo School of Apprentice Artificers (1910-1930): a Project of the Elites for a salaried society
Keywords in English
Education
History of Brazil
Professional teaching
Abstract in English
The purpose of this work was to characterise the São Paulo School of Apprentice Artificers ("Escola de Aprendizes Artífices de São Paulo"), founded in 1909 as an institution to meet the specific needs of the city then, such as nationalising the workers, which were mostly foreigners. Being so, the Brazilian language and culture were taught there, as well as a discipline based on assiduity, punctuality and hierarchical respect ; and above all, the future artificers, masters and quartermasters were educated by means of a rational and scientific teaching, aiming to disqualify these workers previous empirical knowledge. This school, although having possibly been created by Nilo Peçanha in order to educate the unfortunate, illustrating, thus, the thesis of a Brazilian elite which did not represent the dynamic pole and which proposed, at the 1878 Agricultural Congress in Rio de Janeiro, the use of the free, poor and ex-slave work force, in fact turned out to meet the modern São Paulo bourgeoisies expectations. At such Congress, this class succeeded when proposing the use of immigrants in the free national job market. Unlike its national counterparts, the pupils at this school were workmen, their children and urban professionals. Meanwhile and continuing the project of part of this modern elite in São Paulo, in the 1920s the School of Practical Mechanics at the Arts Lycée ("Escola de Mecânica Prática do Liceu de Artes e Ofícios") was created, as w3ell as the Railroad Centre for Professional Teaching and Selection ("Centro Ferroviário de Ensino e Seleção Profissional") in 1934 and SENAI in 1942, headed by the Swiss engineer Roberto Mange. An orderly and mass production sequence was then initiated, together with requalification by functions, indicating a process which would take place at the Schools of Apprentice Artificers, but at a much slower pace.
 
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2000_MarciaDAngelo.pdf (18.31 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-09-21
 
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