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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2022.tde-14022023-135551
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Neves Streich
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Saes, Alexandre Macchione (President)
Bizberg, Ilan
Curi, Luiz Felipe Bruzzi
Iglecias, Wagner Tadeu
Title in Portuguese
Utopia e acomodação: o papel do Estado nas estratégias de desenvolvimento em México e Brasil (2000-2018)
Keywords in Portuguese
Brasil
Desenvolvimento econômicoismo
México
Neoliberalismo
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho de pesquisa tem por objetivo comparar as estratégias de desenvolvimento adotadas pelos governantes de México e Brasil no período compreendido entre os anos de 2000 e 2018. O critério de escolha dos países reside no fato de que, além de serem as duas maiores e mais complexas economias do continente, a estrutura socioeconômica de México e Brasil é caracterizada por graves problemas de pobreza e desigualdade. Já o recorte temporal se assenta no fato de que nas primeiras eleições dos anos 2000, os cidadãos de ambos os países deram vitórias a importantes partidos de oposição. No México, a vitória de Vicente Fox (Partido Acción Nacional), no pleito ocorrido em 2000, encerrou um ciclo de 71 anos de governos do Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). No Brasil, em 2002, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva se tornou o primeiro presidente eleito por um partido de esquerda e identificado à bandeira classista desde os anos 1960. O final do recorte, por sua vez, diz respeito às vitórias, ocorridas em 2018, de Andrés Manoel López Obrador e Jair Bolsonaro, as quais representam – cada qual a sua maneira – uma crise dos arranjos político e econômico vigentes em ambos os países no período aqui abordado. Finalmente, o exercício da comparação permite observar as semelhanças e diferenças na condução macroeconômica dos governantes de ambos os países. Assim, torna-se possível lançar luz aos debates sobre o desenvolvimento econômico na região, uma vez que as ações dos governantes dos dois países são analisadas a partir das limitações e das oportunidades proporcionadas por uma mesma conjuntura econômica.
Title in English
Utopia and adaptation: the role of State in the development strategies in Mexico and Brazil (2000-2018)
Keywords in English
Brazil
Economic development
Mexico
Neoliberalism
Abstract in English
This thesis aims to compare the development strategies in Mexico and Brazilin the period between 2000 and 2018. The main reason for choosing these two countries is the size and complexity of their economies, as Mexico and Brazil are the two largest and most complex Latin American economies. However, this condition didn't overcome the poverty and wealth inequalities in both countries. Besides that, during the first decade of 2000s, in both countries, the national elections were won by important opposition political parties. In 2000, the traditional Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) for the first time since its foundation in 1929 has lost a national election. The winner was Vicente Fox from the right winged opposition party Partido Acción Nacional (PAN). Two years later, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva from Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) has become the first left winged president in Brazil since the 1960s. The end of time frame in this thesis is the results of 2018's national elections that happened in both countries. The victories of Andrés Manoel López Obrador (México) and Jair Bolsonaro (Brazil) represent -each in their own way -a crisis in the political, social and economic organization that made possible the victories of Fox and Lula. This historical comparison makes it possible to bring new perspectives to the development debates on the Latin America. After all, to observe the similarities and differences in the macroeconomics of Mexico and Brazil requires analyzing the role of economic conjuncture in the choices of rulers in both countries.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-02-14
 
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