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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2019.tde-12122019-170245
Document
Author
Full name
Thaís Zapala Stegle
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Coggiola, Osvaldo Luis Angel (President)
Marcelino, Paula Regina Pereira
Purdy, Robert Sean
Zagni, Rodrigo Medina
Title in Portuguese
Operários em tempos de hiperinflação: vida, trabalho e resistência em Fortaleza - CE (1985-1989)
Keywords in Portuguese
Greves gerais
Inflação
Mulheres
Sindicatos
Abstract in Portuguese
O quinquênio iniciado em 1985 ficou marcado, na história econômica do Brasil, pelo desenvolvimento de uma das maiores crises hiperinflacionárias da história do país, atingindo, em 1989, o índice de 1417% de aumento no nível dos preços. Ao mesmo tempo, o país passava por uma forte pressão política pela redemocratização e assistia voltarem à cena os movimentos sociais e sindicatos, atores até então reprimidos pelo regime político anterior. Em Fortaleza Ceará, a expansão industrial, promovida pelas políticas de incentivos fiscais da SUDENE, nas duas década anteriores (1960 e 1970), empregou a mão-de-obra daqueles que migravam do sertão fugindo da concentração fundiária e da seca. Parte expressiva desse contingente era de mulheres e foi alocada nos principais setores industriais do Estado, têxteis, confecção de roupas, beneficiamento de castanhas e alimentos. Neste estudo, busco compreender como as características da industrialização promovida na capital e as condições de vida e de trabalho dos operários e operárias atuaram na retomada de sua atuação política-sindical entre os anos 1985-1989, analisando a formação das oposições sindicais, a participação operária nas greves gerais contra os pacotes econômicos governamentais de combate à inflação e a atuação na eleição da primeira mulher prefeita de uma capital brasileira, Maria Luiza Fontenele.
Title in English
Laborers in times of hyperinflation: life, work and resistance In Fortaleza (1985-1989)
Keywords in English
General strike
Inflation
Trade unions
Women
Abstract in English
In Brazils economic history, the five years between 1985 and 1989 were characterised as the unfolding of a great hyperinflation crises, to the point that, by the end of the period, prices were registering a 1.417% mark-up. At the same time, Brazil was going through a strong political campaign for democracy and witnessed the comeback of social movements and trade unions, so far under repression by the military dictatorship. In Fortaleza Ceará, the industrialization program, as developed by SUDENEs fiscal endorsement program during the previous two decades, employed migrants from the hinterland deserts, who were fleeing drought and land concentration. A significant amount of this migration was undertaken by women, who then found jobs in the main industrial sectors of the state: textiles, garments, nut and food processing. This study focus the characteristics of this industrialization and the living and working conditions of the male and female workers in Fortaleza as they re-started unionism between 1985 and 1989, altogether analising the creation of opposing platforms in the trade unions, participation in general strikes against governmental austerity programs against 5 inflation, and the mobilised workers contribution to the election of the first female mayor of a major capital city in Brazil, Maria Luiza Fontenele.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-12
 
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