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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2020.tde-08072020-173228
Document
Author
Full name
Adir de Almeida Mota
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Gallardo, Dario Horacio Gutierrez (President)
Andrade, Everaldo de Oliveira
Nunes, Eduardo Silveira Netto
Purdy, Robert Sean
Title in Portuguese
Neoliberalismo e repressão no Chile: os degredados na ditadura militar (1973-1990)
Keywords in Portuguese
Degredados
Ditadura chilena
Jornadas Nacionais de Protesto
Neoliberalismo
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente dissertação analisa a ditadura militar chilena através do degredo, um meio de repressão considerado brando, e no contexto das ditaduras militares latino-americanas, tipicamente chileno. Tratava-se do transporte compulsório de indivíduos para locais remotos do país, os quais deveriam cumprir pena de permanência obrigatória no local (na qual deveria comprovar diariamente), dentro dos limites estipulados pelas autoridades. Através da quantificação de informações contidas em diversas fontes, podemos observar a existência de uma correlação, ao longo dos dezessete anos de regime autoritário no Chile, entre a incidência de degredo com as austeras medidas econômicas neoliberais aplicadas pelos Chicago Boys a partir de 1980, às quais resultaram nas mobilizações sociais, com destaque para as Jornadas Nacionais de Protesto (1983-1986), período em que as ruas das principais cidades do Chile, principalmente Santiago, foram tomadas por uma camada significativa de pessoas organizadas em partidos políticos e sindicatos clandestinos, entidades estudantis e comitês de defesa dos direitos humanos. As consequências do degredo, para o degredado, consistiram na quebra brusca de seu vínculo com suas atividades habituais, como estudos, trabalho e atividades políticas; na deterioração das condições físicas e psicológicas do indivíduo; e na desestruturação de seu núcleo familiar. Por outro lado, seu enorme impacto social incentivou um elo de solidariedade entre diversos setores de oposição ao regime, sendo que a mobilização em torno da manutenção do degredado em seu local de cumprimento de pena, e reivindicações de retorno aos seus locais de moradia, trabalho e estudo, contribuíram de para a luta contra a ditadura.
Title in English
Neoliberalism and repression in Chile: the relegated in the military dictatorship (1973-1990)
Keywords in English
Chilean Dictatorship
National Protest Days
Neoliberalism
Relegated
Abstract in English
The present dissertation analyzes the Chilean military dictatorship through relegation, seen as a means of repression considered mild, and in the context of Latin American military dictatorships, typically Chilean. This involved the compulsory transport of individuals to remote locations in the country where they were required to serve a mandatory stay in the place (where they should check daily) within the limits stipulated by the authorities. Through the quantification of information contained in several sources, we can observe the existence of a correlation over the seventeen years of authoritarian regime in Chile, between the incidence of relegation and the austere neoliberal economic measures that had been being applied by the Chicago Boys since 1980, which resulted in social mobilizations, with emphasis on the National Days of Protest (1983-1986), a period when the streets of the cities of Chile, mainly the capital, Santiago, were taken by a significant layer of people organized in political parties and illegal unions, student bodies and human rights committees. The consequences of relegation for those being forced into exile consisted of the abrupt breaking of their bond with their usual activities, such as studies, work and political activities; in the deterioration of the individual's physical and psychological conditions; and in the breakdown of their family nucleus. On the other hand, its enormous social impact encouraged a link of solidarity between different sectors of opposition to the regime, with the mobilization around maintaining the relegation in their place of serving their sentences as well as the demands to return to their places of residence, work and study, they all contributed to the fight against the dictatorship.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-07-08
 
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