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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.1983.tde-22092021-172955
Document
Author
Full name
Irene Braga de Miguez Garrido Filha
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 1983
Title in Portuguese
Garimpo de cassiterita: pesquisa geográfica em Goiás
Keywords in Portuguese
Não consta
Abstract in Portuguese
O assunto desta tese é o garimpo, especificamente os de cassiterita de Goiás, estudados em pesquisa de campo e focalizados sob o prisma do relacionamento entre a utilização dos recursos naturais e a dos humanos, considerando-se as forças produtivas e as relações de produção. Ressalta-se,desde logo, o baixo grau de mecanização, baseando-se a produção, fundamentalmente, no trabalho braçal, com poucos recursos mecânicos , adaptados às condições naturais. As relações de produção formam uma cadeia, na qual alguns elos se encontram no próprio garimpo, setor não completamente capitalista, e os elos finais são as mineradoras e as metalúrgicas, empresas nitidamente capitalistas. Deste relacionamento resulta uma subordinação da atividade garimpeira ao capital. O garimpo, com origem na "faiscação" e na garimpagem ilegal do Brasil colonial, do qual recebeu a denominação, a tradição das técnicas e alguns instrumentos, ainda hoje cria a ilusão do enriquecimento rápido, atraindo populações de posseiros e trabalhadores rurais sem terra, egressos de áreas dominadas pelo latifúndio. O estudo da acumulação do capital no garimpo evidencia o estreitamento da pirâmide de garimpeiros no rumo da ascensão social. No garimpo, praticamente apenas comerciantes e "donos-de-serviço" conseguem apropriar-se de parte da mais-valia, que vai concentrar-se no setor capitalista, ao qual se subordina. A figura existente no Código de Mineração não corresponde à do garimpeiro, e ali não consta tampouco a do pequeno minerador. Por isso, o garimpo não tem respaldo legal - seu tratamento deve ser modificado.
Title in English
Not available
Keywords in English
Not available
Abstract in English
Prospecting is the subject of this thesis, especially those of cassiterite in Goiás. Studies were based on field work and pointed out relationships between natural and human resources, taking into account productive forces and production relations. Stress was made on the low degree of mechanization. Production is based fundamentally ou human labor, with few machinery, adapted to natural conditions. The production relations make up a chain in which a few links are found within the field itself-a non completely capitalist portion-, and the last links being the mining and metallurgical entrerprises which are clearly capitalist ones. From this relationship results a subordination of prospecting activity to capital.The prospecting site is based on the "flashing" and clandestine prospecting ("garimpo") from colonial Brazil, from which denomination, technical traditions and a few instruments were inherited. It still creates the illusion of a fast enrichment, attracting squatters and landless workers, coming from latifundia dominated areas. The study of capitalist accumulation at the prospecting site shows up the narrowing of the prospectors pyramid aiming the social status. At the site, only the "donos-de-serviço" and tradesmen are able to hold the surplus value, which will be concentrated in the capitalist sector to which prospecting is subordinated. The figure referred to in the Mining Code doesn't fit into that of the prospector, and there, is not considered the small miner as well. That is why the prospecting site has no legal backing up - its treatment shoud be changed.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-09-24
 
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