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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2022.tde-23052023-134620
Document
Author
Full name
Natalia Ribas Guerrero
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Marques, Ana Claudia Duarte Rocha (President)
Almeida, Mauro William Barbosa de
Fagundes, Guilherme Moura
Marques, Adalton Jose
Title in Portuguese
Tem romance aquele lugar: territorialidade beiradeira e resistência em conflitos socioambientais nos rios Xingu e Iriri (Pará)
Keywords in Portuguese
Beiradeiros. Conservação ambiental
Brasil)
Resistência
Rios Xingu e Iriri (Pará
Territorialidade
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta tese enfoca a luta de comunidades beiradeiras para garantir seus territórios tradicionalmente ocupados na bacia do rio Xingu, no estado do Pará, Brasil, ante restrições decorrentes da criação de unidades de conservação ambiental em tais territórios. Mais especificamente, trata-se de áreas sobrepostas pelo Parque Nacional da Serra do Pardo, no médio curso do rio Xingu, e pela Estação Ecológica da Terra do Meio, no rio Iriri, ambas criadas no ano de 2005. A partir de uma caracterização etnográfica da territorialidade beiradeira, cuja origem remete ao estabelecimento dos seringais na região, propõe-se acompanhar algumas das transformações pelas quais essa territorialidade passou ao longo do século 20. Debruço-me em particular sobre as noções de união, fartura e respeito, que estão no centro desse modo de vida e que argumento serem centrais a um projeto de futuro que passe por viver bem nesses territórios. Com base nesse quadro, situo as dinâmicas socioeconômicas regionais que marcaram o processo de criação de um mosaico de unidades de conservação ambiental na região do Xingu, no qual se inseriram as áreas restritivas. Adicionalmente, a partir das descrição das violações de direitos e dos impactos que tal sobreposição ensejou à territorialidade dessas comunidades, caracteriza-se também o modo com que elas mobilizam aspectos dessa territorialidade em seus processos de resistência. Tal resistência tem sido travada em um contexto de recrudescimento de pressões territoriais à bacia do Xingu, que vinham se intensificando desde a construção da usina hidrelétrica (UHE) Belo Monte, mas que explodiram após 2018, com respaldo em discursos e políticas do presidente Jair Bolsonaro. O principal objetivo da pesquisa é, assim, traçar um percurso etnográfico e antropológico entre as agendas da ecologia histórica e política, que colabore para a construção de novos paradigmas de relação entre povos e comunidades tradicionais e conservação ambiental
Title in English
That place has romance: territoriality and resistance in overlapping conflicts in the Xingu and Iriri rivers (Pará)
Keywords in English
Beiradeiros
Brazil)
Environmental conservation
Resistance
Territoriality
Xingu and Iriri rivers (Pará)
Abstract in English
This thesis focuses on the struggle of riverbank communities who self-identify as beiradeiras to guarantee their traditionally occupied territories in the Xingu River basin, in the state of Pará, Brazil, in the face of restrictions arising from the creation of environmental conservation units in such territories. More specifically, these territories were overlapped by the Serra do Pardo National Park, in the middle course of the Xingu River, and by the Terra do Meio Ecological Station, on the Iriri River, both created in 2005. Based on an ethnographic characterization of the territoriality of the beiradeiros, whose origin goes back to the establishment of the rubber plantations in the region, we intend to follow some of the transformations that this territoriality underwent throughout the 20th century. I focus on the notions of union, abundance, and respect, which are at the core of this territoriality and which I argue are central to a project for the future that includes living well in these territories. Based on this framework, I situate the regional socioeconomic dynamics that marked the process of creating a mosaic of environmental conservation units in the Xingu region, in which the restrictive areas were inserted. Additionally, based on the description of the rights violations and the impacts that this overlapping has caused to the territoriality of these communities, we also characterize how they mobilize aspects of this territoriality in their resistance processes. Such resistance has been waged in a context of renewed territorial pressures to the Xingu basin, which had been intensifying since the construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant, but exploded after 2018, supported by speeches and policies of President-elect Jair Bolsonaro. The main objective of the research is thus to trace an ethnographic and anthropological path between the agendas of historical and political ecology, aiming to collaborate to the construction of new paradigms of relationship between traditional communities and environmental conservation
 
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Publishing Date
2023-05-23
 
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