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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2022.tde-03022023-200021
Document
Author
Full name
Miguel Joaquim Justino Muhale
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Marques, Ana Claudia Duarte Rocha (President)
Bezerra, Marcos Otavio
Nuvunga, Adriano Alfredo
Triana, Bruna Nunes da Costa
Title in Portuguese
A Democracia em regimes autoritários: o funcionamento da democracia em Moçambique a partir de uma perspectiva etnográfica das eleições gerais de 2019
Keywords in Portuguese
Democracia
Eleições
Fraude eleitoral
Moçambique
Nova Democracia
Partidarização
Abstract in Portuguese
Após a independência colonial em 1975 e uma experiência socialista fracassada, a era democrática moçambicana é inaugurada com a realização das eleições gerais em 1994, ganhas pela Frelimo que, desde então, continua dominando o cenário político local, mantendo requintes totalitários para aparelhar e dominar a administração pública, recorrendo a sucessivos governos para alargar sua esfera de influência social. O empresariado, as oportunidades de negócios e de empregos, as artes e a cultura, o desporto, o lazer e até os casamentos estão de certa forma sob influência e controle da Frelimo. Neste contexto, diferentes partidos da oposição são sufocados e privados de financiamento e/ou de alianças com o empresariado e demais organizações locais, o que impacta severamente a sua capacidade de actuação. A oposição continua severamente perseguida, punida economicamente, ameaçada fisicamente e até aniquilada, como acontece com jornalistas e activistas políticos. Enquanto sufoca a oposição política internamente, a Frelimo envia uma mensagem de tolerância e de convívio democrático à comunidade internacional, responsável pelo financiamento dos principais programas e projectos de desenvolvimento no país. Apesar de largas denúncias dos diferentes movimentos políticos e cívicos, a comunidade internacional contínua negligente, contemplativa e conivente com o autoritarismo da Frelimo, motivada, de acordo com esses movimentos, pelos seus interesses nos recursos naturais do país.
Title in English
Democracy in authoritarian regimes: the functioning of democracy in Mozambique from an ethnographic perspective of the 2019 general elections
Keywords in English
Democracy
Elections
Electoral fraud
Mozambique
Nova Democracia
Partisanship
Abstract in English
After colonial independence in 1975 and a failed socialist experiment, the Mozambican democratic era was inaugurated with the holding of general elections in 1994, won by Frelimo, which, since then, continues to dominate the local political scene, maintaining totalitarian refinements to equip and dominate the public administration, resorting to successive governments to broaden its sphere of social influence. Entrepreneurship, business and employment opportunities, arts and culture, sports, leisure and even weddings are to a certain extent under Frelimo's influence and control. In this context, the different opposition parties are suffocated and deprived of funding and/or alliances with the business community and other local organizations, which severely impacts their ability to act. Dissent and opposition continue to be severely persecuted, economically punished; physically threatened and even annihilated, as is the case with journalists and political activists. While suffocating political opposition internally, Frelimo sends a message of tolerance and healthy democratic coexistence to the international community, responsible for funding the main development programs and projects in the country. Despite wide complaints from different political and civic movements, the international community remains negligent, contemplative and conniving with Frelimo's authoritarianism, which is suspected on the part of these movements is caused by their interests in the country's natural resources.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-02-03
 
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