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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2022.tde-28072022-180905
Document
Author
Full name
Lucas Rafael Gonçalves Ferreira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Pessoa Junior, Osvaldo Frota (President)
Brzozowski, Jerzy André
El-hani, Charbel Niño
Varella, Marco Antonio Corrêa
Title in Portuguese
Filosofia da Edição Genômica: reducionismo e experimentalismo em engenharia genética
Keywords in Portuguese
Biologia sintética
CRISPR
Edição genômica
Engenharia genética
Filosofia da biologia
Filosofia da ciência
Abstract in Portuguese
A proposta desta dissertação é refletir filosoficamente sobre os desenvolvimentos contemporâneos da engenharia genética e biologia sintética, especialmente após o surgimento da técnica CRISPR para edição de genomas em 2012, aqui chamada de edição genômica. Para isso, retornamos ao debate sobre o reducionismo epistemológico e antirreducionismo em filosofia da ciência e como a edição genômica contribui para as discussões. Também a partir da prática laboratorial da edição genômica revisitamos a filosofia do experimento científico, sob a ótica do "novo experimentalismo" em filosofia da ciência. A partir dessas reflexões, delineamos o que seria o programa de pesquisa da edição genômica e fundamentamos o chamado argumento experimental em defesa do reducionismo epistemológico. Por fim, o trabalho propõe a necessidade de que a reflexão filosófica em filosofia da biologia ocorra sob a luz das novas tecnologias de engenharia genética e biologia sintética, levando em conta tanto a ciência enquanto representação quanto a ciência enquanto intervenção.
Title in English
Philosophy of Genome Editing: reductionism and experimentalism in genetic engineering
Keywords in English
CRISPR
Genetic engineering
Genome Editing
Philosophy of Biology
Philosophy of Science
Synthetic biology
Abstract in English
The purpose of this dissertation is to reflect philosophically on contemporary developments in genetic engineering and synthetic biology, especially after the emergence of the CRISPR technique for genome editing in 2012, here called experimental genetics. To this end, we return to the debate about epistemological reductionism and anti-reductionism in the philosophy of science and how experimental genetics contributes to the discussions. Also, from the laboratory practice of experimental genetics, we revisit the philosophy of scientific experiment, from the perspective of the "new experimentalism" in the philosophy of science. From these reflections we outline what would be the experimental genetics research program, we base the so-called experimental argument in defense of epistemological reductionism. Finally, the paper proposes the need for philosophical reflection in the philosophy of biology to take place in the light of new technologies of genetic engineering and synthetic biology, taking into account both science as representation and science as intervention.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-07-28
 
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