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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2020.tde-13032020-171912
Document
Author
Full name
Éder Ricardo Corbanezi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Marton, Scarlett Zerbetto (President)
Binoche, Bertrand Bernard Marcel
Büttgen, Philippe
Frezzatti Junior, Wilson Antonio
Matos, Olgaria Chain Feres
Wienand, Isabelle
Title in Portuguese
Nietzsche e o problema da relação entre ciência e filosofia
Keywords in Portuguese
Ciência
Conhecimento
Filosofia
Nietzsche
Valor
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho investiga como Nietzsche concebe a relação entre ciência e filosofia. Examinando desde seus escritos de juventude até os de maturidade, esperamos mostrar que o autor busca posicionar-se a respeito de uma situação que encontra em sua época: na segunda metade do século 19, a ciência, reconhecida como autoridade cognitiva e cultural, reivindica autonomia e soberania em relação à filosofia, alvo de amplo descrédito. Contamos evidenciar que, opondo-se à separação entre ciência e filosofia, Nietzsche pretende estabelecer entre elas vínculos de dependência, de subordinação e de autoridade. Essas relações, tais como ele as compreende, revelam-se complexas na medida em que se instituem em esferas diversas e inter-relacionadas, a saber, nos âmbitos dos valores, do conhecimento, da cultura e da vida. É nosso intuito fazer notar que, baseado numa visão de mundo aristocrática, Nietzsche reserva à autêntica filosofia a prerrogativa de uma tarefa superior, qual seja, resolver o problema do valor em geral e, por extensão, determinar o valor da ciência para a cultura e a vida. Contudo, o autor de Zaratustra admite ao mesmo tempo uma exigência cognitiva à filosofia que deve ser satisfeita pelo recurso às ciências particulares. Assim, enquanto a filosofia, quando se consideram metas para a cultura e a vida, tem o direito de exercer autoridade axiológica sobre a ciência, esta, por sua vez, tem o direito de exercer autoridade cognitiva sobre a tarefa axiológica da filosofia. É nossa intenção, pois, explicitar e investigar o problema central suscitado pelas posições de Nietzsche, perguntando se, tomadas como incontornáveis em virtude de sua autoridade cognitiva, as ciências não acabam por assumir também a autoridade que ele procura reservar à filosofia na esfera axiológica.
Title in English
Nietzsche and the problem of the relation between science and philosophy
Keywords in English
Knowledge
Nietzsche
Philosophy
Science
Value
Abstract in English
This work investigates how Nietzsche conceives the relation between science and philosophy. Scrutinising his writings from youth to maturity, we hope to show that the author seeks to place himself on a situation he finds in his time: in the second half of the 19th century, science, recognised as the cognitive and cultural authority, claims autonomy and sovereignty over philosophy, the object of ample discredit. We must point out that, opposing the separation of science and philosophy, Nietzsche intends to establish between them bonds of dependence, subordination and authority. These relations, as he understands them, are complex inasmuch as they are set in diverse and interrelated spheres, namely, in the domains of values, knowledge, culture and life. It is our intention to note that, based on an aristocratic worldview, Nietzsche reserves for authentic philosophy the prerogative of a higher task, that is, to solve the problem of value in general and, by extension, to determine the value of science for culture and life. However, the author of Zarathustra admits at the same time a cognitive requirement to philosophy that must be satisfied by the use of particular sciences. Thus, while philosophy has the right to exercise axiological authority over science, when considering goals for culture and life, science, in turn, has the right to exercise cognitive authority on the axiological task of philosophy. It is our aim, therefore, to explain and investigate the central problem raised by Nietzsche's positions, asking whether, taken as unavoidable by virtue of his cognitive authority, the sciences do not end up assuming also the authority which he seeks to reserve to philosophy in the axiological sphere.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-03-13
 
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