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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2013.tde-12032014-124100
Document
Author
Full name
Zilmara de Jesus Viana de Carvalho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Terra, Ricardo Ribeiro (President)
Keinert, Maurício Cardoso
Nadai, Bruno
Santos, Edmilson Menezes
Silva, Franklin Leopoldo e
Title in Portuguese
Teleologia e moral na Ideia de uma história universal de um ponto de vista cosmopolita
Keywords in Portuguese
História
Kant
Moral
Natureza
Teleologia
Teologia
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente tese de doutorado trata da inserção teórica do texto Ideia de uma história universal de um ponto de vista cosmopolita no sistema crítico kantiano. Argumenta-se, para tanto: 1º) que na Crítica da razão pura, encontram-se os pressupostos que legitimam essa inserção através da reproposição da teleologia, especialmente presente no Apêndice à Dialética transcendental. Isto, por sua vez, conforme articulação pretendida é o que possibilitará pensar um fio condutor a priori, representado por um plano da natureza, para compreender o sentido da história do mundo na Ideia; 2º) que há uma congruência desse texto com obras que lhe são contemporâneas, como a Fundamentação da metafísica dos costumes, o que permite entender as singularidades de uma história filosófica e, dessa forma, seu propósito, fundamentalmente, moral. Para corroborar ainda mais essa argumentação, dentre outras coisas, analisar-se-á o conceito de plano da natureza, explicitando os dois níveis semânticos distintos, que ele comporta, a saber, o heurístico e o moral (plano da natureza pensado como Providência). Assim, a investigação objetiva expor, basicamente, que há um interesse teórico na Ideia de uma história universal, embora a obra não se restrinja a ele, havendo, igualmente, um interesse prático; que o teórico e o prático, embora sejam interesses distintos, não são independentes e que há uma primazia do prático sobre o teórico.
Title in English
Teleology and moral in the Idea of a universal history from a cosmopolitan point of view
Keywords in English
History
Kant
Moral
Nature
Teleology
Theology
Abstract in English
This doctoral thesis deals with the theoretical insertion of the text The Idea of a universal history from a cosmopolitan point of view on Kantian critical system. It is argued, in such way: 1) that in the Critique of Pure Reason, there are the assumptions that legitimize this insertion through the reproposition of teleology, especially present in the Appendix to the Transcendental Dialectic. This, in turn, as the intended articulation is what will make it possible to think of a thread a priori, represented by a plane of nature, to understand the sense of the history of the world on the Idea; 2) that there is a congruence of this text with its contemporary works, such as the Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, which allows to understand the singularities of a philosophical history and, thus, its purpose, above all, moral. In support of this argument, among other things, it will be analyzed the concept of nature's plan, elaborating the two distinguished semantic levels, that it includes, namely, the heuristic and morale (plan of nature thought of as Providence). Thus, the research objectives expose, basically, that there is a theoretical interest in the Idea of a universal history, although the work is not confined to it, as well, there is also a practical interest; the theoretical and the practical, although they are distinct interests, are not independent and that there is a primacy of practical over the theoretical.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-03-12
 
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