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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2020.tde-09092020-195233
Document
Author
Full name
Antonio Lessa Kerstenetzky
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Bolzani Filho, Roberto (President)
Lopes, Daniel Rossi Nunes
Muniz, Fernando Decio Porto
Ribeiro, Adriano Machado
Title in Portuguese
Por que o filósofo escreve?: a prática reminiscente da escrita no Fedro de Platão (274-277)
Keywords in Portuguese
Fedro
Escrita
Metafísica
Platão
Reminiscência
Abstract in Portuguese
Nos diálogos platônicos protagonizados por Sócrates, a simpatia do autor pelas teses de seu personagem principal é patente. Ao final do Fedro (274-277), no entanto, a sinergia entre os dois parece se quebrar. Sócrates apresenta uma momentosa crítica à escrita, atribuindo a ela potencialidades antifilosóficas. O que quer dizer Platão com esse aparente ataque à prática que o inscreveu no panteão dos grandes filósofos? Nesta dissertação, a partir de uma leitura cuidadosa de 274-277, identifico o objetivo do trecho: fornecer 'instruções de leitura' aos diálogos, de modo a mostrar como devem fazer parte de uma prática filosófica oral que desenvolva a capacidade de seus participantes de criar, autonomamente, bons logoi sobre o mundo. Isto é, em circunstâncias de uso específicas, é possível evitar os riscos que Sócrates atribui à leitura - os principais sendo adquirir um simulacro de conhecimento e afastar-se do convívio com humanos com quem se pode dialogar - e utilizar a capacidade da escrita de criar recordações para fornecer estofo a uma discussão filosófica que estimule a reminiscência. Isto é, que instigue o desenvolvimento da razão autônoma. Através do uso de Sócrates e Fedro de textos e discursos em seu diálogo, Platão mostra como isso pode ocorrer.
Title in English
Why does the philosopher write?: the recollective writing in Platos Phaedrus (274-277)
Keywords in English
Phaedrus
Metaphysics
Plato
Reminiscence
Writing
Abstract in English
In his Socratic Dialogues, Plato's sympathy for his main character's ideas is quite clear. At the end of the Phaedrus (274-277), however, the synergy between author and character seems to break down, as Socrates presents a strong argument against writing's potential as a philosophic instrument. What does Plato mean with this apparent attack against the very technology that pushed him into the roll of humanity's greatest philosophers? In this dissertation I identify, through a close reading of 274-277, what seems to be one of the main (if overlooked) objectives of the 'critique of writing': Plato gives us a set of reading instructions for his dialogues. They should be 'used' as part of an oral philosophical practice which aims at developing its participants' capacity to autonomously create well composed logoi about the world. I.e., in specific circumstances, one can avoid the risks Socrates attributes to writing (such as obtaining only the illusion of knowing, not the real stuff; or to become so entranced by reading that one shuns good dialogue partners), and use its capacity of recording information to furnish good material for a philosophical discussion. If thus used, written texts can play a role in nurturing anamnêsis, treated in the dialogue as the development of one's autonomous capacity to reason adequately. Through Socrates' and Phaedrus' use of text and speeches in conversation, Plato shows how this can happen.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-09-09
 
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