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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2022.tde-03102022-214647
Document
Author
Full name
Douglas Nunes Vieira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Oliva, Luís César Guimarães (President)
Itokazu, Ericka Marie
Rezende, Cristiano Novaes de
Santiago, Homero Silveira
Title in Portuguese
O arrependimento na Ética de Espinosa: reflexão prática sobre a vida
Keywords in Portuguese
Arrependimento
Espinosa
Ética
Julgamento
Abstract in Portuguese
Podemos interpretar a Ética como um livro no qual Espinosa nos incita a realizar uma reflexão prática sobre a vida, movimento reflexivo contrário ao domínio das paixões e à ignorância de nós mesmos. Nesta pesquisa, pretendemos demonstrar que, nessa obra, o arrependimento não é reduzido a uma das tristezas mais amargas que experimentamos, sendo considerado uma das condições necessárias para a realização desse exercício reflexivo. No início da Ética III, o arrependimento terá uma importante função: reorientar o leitor no sentido de voltar-se a si mesmo para então reinterpretar sua vida à luz das teses metafísicas desenvolvidas na Ética I e II. Voltar-se às coisas das quais nos arrependemos significa, portanto, não julgá-las como um santo ou um sábio que as associa a alguma imperfeição da natureza humana, mas sim compreender que elas se seguem das leis comuns da natureza. Na natureza, existem coisas potentes o suficiente para nos submeter a forças contrárias a nós mesmos, induzindo-nos a realizar atos dos quais nos arrependemos. Mas há também aquelas que desejamos tanto, que acabam por determinar a maneira como julgamos a nós mesmos. Na Ética, o arrependimento é a tristeza que constitui em nós um julgamento imaginário pelo qual submetemo-nos ao julgamento de nossos pais e de nossos semelhantes. É nesse sentido que ele é uma tristeza útil para a vida social, por conduzir cada um a julgar-se por seus atos reprováveis sem se deixar levar pelo desejo de vingança, impedindo-nos de viver numa terra sem lei
Title in English
Repentance in Spinozas Ethics: pratical reflexion on life. 2022
Keywords in English
Ethics
Judgement
Repentance
Spinoza
Abstract in English
We can interpret the Ethics as the book in which Spinoza encourages us to carry out a practical reflection upon life, a reflexive movement contrary to the mastery of passions and ignorance of ourselves. In this research, we intend to demonstrate that, in this work, repentance is not reduced to one of the most bitter pains we experience, being considered one of the necessary conditions for carrying out this reflective exercise. At the beginning of Ethics III, repentance will have an important function: to reorient the reader in the sense of turning to himself in order to reinterpret his life in the light of the metaphysical theses developed in Ethics I and II. Turning to the things we repent means, therefore, not judging them as a saint or a wise man who associates them with some imperfection of human nature, but understanding that they follow from the common laws of nature. In nature, there are things which are powerful enough to submit us to forces contrary to ourselves, inducing us to perform acts we repent. However, there are also those things we desire so much that they consequently determine the way we judge ourselves. In the Ethics, repentance is the pain that constitutes in us an imaginary judgment by which we submit ourselves to the judgment of our parents as well as that of other beings whose bodies are similar to ours. In this sense, repentance is a useful pain for social life, as it leads everyone to judge themselves for their reprehensible acts without being carried away by the desire for revenge, preventing us from living in a lawless land
 
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Publishing Date
2022-10-04
 
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