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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2020.tde-14022020-163817
Document
Author
Full name
Fabiana Alves Rodrigues
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Arantes, Rogério Bastos (President)
Cunha, Luciana Gross Siqueira
Ros, Luciano da
Title in Portuguese
Operação Lava Jato: aprendizado institucional e ação estratégica na Justiça Criminal
Keywords in Portuguese
Accountability
Aprendizado institucional
Corrupção
Operação Lava Jato
Voluntarismo político
Abstract in Portuguese
A literatura sobre a rede de instituições de accountability no Brasil, que apontava um diagnóstico de ineficiência do controle criminal da corrupção, passou a identificar o protagonismo das instituições de justiça e alguns resultados promissores. A Operação Lava Jato leva esse debate a outro patamar, seja pelos impressionantes resultados atingidos, com a prisão de políticos de alto escalão e grandes empresários, seja pelas controvérsias que tem suscitado sobre seletividade política, novas formas e estratégias de aplicação do direito processual penal e efeitos sobre as instituições políticas e a própria democracia. Como explicar tais resultados depois dos recorrentes diagnósticos que apontavam a ineficiência na fase de punição da corrupção de alto escalão? Pretendo contribuir com esse debate ao abordar a Lava Jato a partir de dois fatores que, combinados, nos permitem compreender como foi possível alcançar esses resultados: a dimensão institucional e o voluntarismo político dos atores envolvidos. As escolhas metodológicas envolvem essencialmente abordagens qualitativas sobre o sistema de justiça criminal, o que inclui process tracing e fluxo do sistema de justiça. Os resultados da pesquisa que apresento abrangem as mudanças de ordem internacional, legal, organizacional e tecnológica que ocorreram no país nos anos que precederam a Lava Jato e que foram relevantes para a produção de seus resultados, o que se agrega a um processo de aprendizado institucional. Por outro lado, mostro que os resultados atingidos contaram com altas doses de voluntarismo dos atores do sistema de justiça criminal, especialmente da Justiça Federal, que fez uso de uma gestão estratégica sobre o tempo de tramitação dos processos criminais, amparada em margens de discricionariedade e autonomia administrativa. Os resultados que apresento mostram que o voluntarismo político dos atores do sistema de justiça permitiu a atuação altamente seletiva do controle criminal da corrupção, o que sugere a necessidade de cautela na defesa do envolvimento do Judiciário no combate à corrupção.
Title in English
Operation Car Wash: institutional learning and strategic action in Criminal Justice
Keywords in English
Accountability
Corruption
Institutional learning
Operation Car Wash
Political voluntarism
Abstract in English
The literature on the web of accountability institutions in Brazil, which pointed to a diagnosis of inefficiency in the criminal control of corruption, began to identify the prominence of justice institutions and some promising results. Operation Car Wash took this debate to another level, due to the impressive results achieved, with the imprisonment of high-profile politicians and businessmen, as well as the controversies it has raised about political selectivity, new forms and strategies of applying criminal procedural law and effects on political institutions and democracy itself. How can these results be explained after the recurrent diagnoses that pointed to inefficiency in the punishment of high-level corruption? I intend to contribute to this debate by approaching Car Wash based on two factors that, combined, allow us to understand how it was possible to achieve these results: the institutional dimension and the political voluntarism of the actors involved. The methodological choices essentially involve qualitative approaches to the criminal justice system, which includes process tracing and the flux of the justice system. The results of the research I present cover the international, legal, organizational and technological changes that occurred in the country in the years preceding Car Wash and that were relevant to the production of its results, which is added to a process of institutional learning. On the other hand, I show that the results achieved counted on high doses of voluntarism from the actors of the criminal justice system, especially the Federal Court, which made use of a strategic management of the timing of criminal processes, supported by margins of discretion and administrative autonomy. The results that I present show that the political voluntarism of the actors in justice system allowed the highly selective action of the criminal control of corruption, which suggests the need for caution in defending the involvement of the judiciary in the fight against corruption.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-02-14
 
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