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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2021.tde-07062022-145612
Document
Author
Full name
Helena Hime Funari
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Arantes, Rogério Bastos (President)
Júnior, Lúcio Remuzat Rennó
Nicolau, Jairo César Marconi
Title in Portuguese
Reformas das leis de financiamento de campanha: interesses, valores e regras institucionais
Keywords in Portuguese
Comportamento parlamentar
Financiamento de campanha
Interesses
Reforma institucional
Valores
Abstract in Portuguese
Como explicar as transformações nas regras de financiamento de campanha no Brasil? A literatura específica sobre a origem das regras de financiamento da política aponta para a conexão entre escândalos de corrupção e mudança institucional. Reconhece ademais que o interesse parlamentar de perpetuação no poder influencia as reformas, seja através do aumento de recursos, seja por meio da alocação desigual destes para obter vantagens na corrida eleitoral. A literatura não explica, todavia, como esses incentivos se combinam no ambiente institucional do legislativo e quais engrenagens levam à promulgação de uma nova lei. Definindo financiamento de campanha como as regras de arrecadação e controle de recursos financeiros e do horário eleitoral teorizamos o mecanismo causal que explica as reformas no caso brasileiro. Para tanto, nos valemos de contribuições das teorias sobre reformas eleitorais, policy-making, partidos políticos e processo legislativo. Em seguida, adentramos no processo legislativo analisando os arquivos congressuais e, como fontes secundárias, notícias e entrevistas. Utilizamos process-tracing para a avaliação do material empírico por meio da lógica bayesiana informal em dois estudos de caso. O mecanismo causal proposto é de que os parlamentares foram movidos sobretudo pelo interesse de aumento de recursos, mas não somente, eles foram motivados também por responder à população e garantir maior transparência e controle dos gastos eleitorais. Quando olhamos para o tema específico do horário eleitoral, que não esteve sob os holofotes dos escândalos de corrupção, os interesses salientes são aqueles da estratégia eleitoral de cada partido. Ademais, esses interesses são mediados pelo jogo congressual. O processo é conduzido pelos presidentes das casas legislativas, articulado entre as lideranças e negociado pelo relator. Por fim, atores externos a mídia, o judiciário e a presidência influenciam e constrangem a atuação parlamentar
Title in English
Reforms on campaign financing regulation: interests, values and the rules of the game
Keywords in English
Campaign financing
Institutional reform
Interests
Parliamentarian behavior
Values
Abstract in English
How to explain changes in campaign financing regulation? The literature on the origins of political financing rules points to the connection between corruption scandals and institutional change. It also recognizes the influence of parliamentarian self-interests like the increase of revenues or its unequal distribution among the parties to obtain electoral advantages. However, the literature does not explain how these incentives are translated into the legislative institutional environment, resulting in a new law. This research defines campaign financing regulation as regulation on (i) fundraising and campaign expenses control and (ii) subsidized TV and radio time; our goal is to theorize the causal mechanism that explains legal reforms on both subjects. We draw on the literature on electoral reforms, policy-making, political parties, and legislative processes. Further on, we dig into the legislative process by analyzing congressional archives and as secondary sources news reports and interviews. We use process-tracing to evaluate the empirical material through informal Bayesian logic in two case studies analyses; as a result, we theorize the following causal mechanism. Parliamentarians were primarily driven by the self-interest of increasing campaigns resources, but not only; they also sought to address the institutional flaws exposed in corruption scandals by expanding the transparency and control over electoral fundraising and spending, among other values. When we look at the specific issue of subsidized TV and radio time which has not been in the spotlight of corruption scandals , the most salient interests are those that maximize each party's electoral strategy. Notwithstanding, the congressional setting mediates the interests above. The legislative process is conducted by the house presidents, articulated among the party's leaders, and negotiated by the rapporteur. Finally, external actors like media, judiciary, and the presidency influence and constrain parliamentary action
 
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Publishing Date
2022-06-07
 
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