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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.76.2021.tde-03092021-114705
Document
Author
Full name
Paula Maria Pincela Lins
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Zucolotto, Valtencir (President)
Bentley, Maria Vitoria Lopes Badra
Inada, Natalia Mayumi
Pontes, Leticia Gomes de
Silva, Elson Longo da
Title in English
Cell-derived nanoplatforms for cancer therapy
Keywords in English
Cancer therapy
Cell-derived
Nanomaterials
Abstract in English
Nanomaterials are promising platforms for cancer therapy due to their innate passive targeting. The success of nanomaterials into the clinics depends on their blood circulation time and accumulation in the target tissue, factors related with their ability to evade the immune system. Cell-derived nanoplatforms are an emerging technology to enhance the delivery by active targeting the tumor site, without the perks of chemical conjugations. In this thesis we report the development of biomimetic novel platforms using the cell-derived technology and their in vitro interaction in cells from tumor microenvironment. To understand of the cell-derived nanoplatforms, two different nanomaterials were synthesized and further coated with extracellular vesicles and cell membrane extract from two different cell lines. First, gold nanorods (AuNRs) were coated with two macrophage derived vesicles, cell membrane extract and extracellular vesicles. Cell membrane-coated AuNRs interacted more with the metastatic cancer cells and the extracellular vesicles interacted more with the source cells. The main difference evaluated among the coatings was the presence of the tetraspanin CD47, an immunosuppressive marker for phagocytosis. Furthermore, we developed a paclitaxel-loaded polymeric nanoparticle carrier coated with metastatic breast cancer cell membrane. All cell lines showed a preferential uptake for the nanoparticles coated with the cell membrane, with stronger interaction with the source cell and the fibroblasts. Our results pointed to the role of adhesion molecules in the homotypic bind to cancer cells and the interaction with stroma cells as a heritage of the tumor progression pathways. As a consequence of the enhanced interaction of the nanocarriers with fibroblasts, the nanoparticles were significantly cytotoxic. We also explored the tunability of the plasmonic band in relation to their composition and size and evaluated basic culture parameters for extracellular vesicles isolation by means of size distribution and concentration.
Title in Portuguese
Nanoplataformas derivadas de células para o tratamento de câncer
Keywords in Portuguese
Derivado de células
Nanoplataformas
Tratamento de câncer
Abstract in Portuguese
Os nanomateriais são plataformas promissoras para a terapia do câncer devido ao seu inato acúmulo passivo em tumores. O sucesso dos mesmos na clinica depende do seu tempo dentro da circulação sanguínea e da sua acumulação no tecido alvo, fatores relacionados com a capacidade de escapar ao sistema imunológico. As nanoplataformas derivadas de células são uma tecnologia emergente para melhorar estas propriedades através do acúmulo ativo no local do tumor. Nesta tese relatamos o desenvolvimento de plataformas biomiméticas inovadoras avaliando suas interações in vitro em células modelo do microambiente tumoral. Para compreendermos melhor as nanoplataformas derivadas de células, dois nanomateriais diferentes foram sintetizados e posteriormente revestidos. Inicialmente, os nanorods de ouro (AuNRs) foram revestidos com duas vesículas derivadas de macrófagos, vesículas de membrana celular e vesículas extracelulares. Os AuNRs revestidos de membrana celular interagiram mais com a linha celular metastática de câncer e as vesículas extracelulares interagiram com a célula de origem (macrofágos). A principal diferença avaliada entre os revestimentos foi a presença da tetraspanina CD47, imunossupressor para a fagocitose. Além disso, desenvolvemos nanopartículas poliméricas com paclitaxel, revestidas com membrana celular metastática de câncer da mama. Todas as linhagens celulares mostraram uma interação preferencial para as nanopartículas revestidas com membrana celular, tendo uma interação mais pronunciada com a célula de origem e os fibroblastos. Este resultado indica o papel das moléculas de adesão nas interações homotípicas das nanopartículas às células cancerosas, além da herança da interação da célula tumoral com as células do estroma para a progressão do tumor. Como consequência, para uma maior interação com os fibroblastos, as nanopartículas foram significativamente citotóxicas. Os resultados da tese mostram como estas novas classes de nanomateriais são desenvolvidas e as suas interações com o microambiente tumoral. Além disso, estudamos mudanças na banda plasmonica dos nanorods de ouro em relação à sua composição e tamanho. Por fim, avaliamos os parâmetros de isolamento das vesículas extracelulares por distribuição de tamanho e concentração.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-09-13
 
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